November 2020
Harnessing the Immune System to Cure Neurodegeneration
Confidential
Forward Looking Statements
This presentation contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this presentation, including statements regarding our future financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and plans, and objectives of management for future operations, as well as statements regarding industry trends, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potentially" "predict," "should," "target," "will" or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions.
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In addition, statements that "we believe" and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this presentation, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
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Pioneering immuno-neurology
IMMUNO NEUROLOGY | |||
Recruiting the brain's immune system | |||
to cure neurodegeneration | |||
Our therapeutics | Genetically defined | ||
are genetically validated | patient populations and | ||
regulators of the brain's | biomarkers enhance | ||
immune system | probability of success | ||
Human Genetics | Immunology | Neuroscience |
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Human genetics has enabled a new therapeutic strategy
22/29
of AD risk genes are microglia specific (red)
Disease association
Annotated from Nature Genetics 2019 Mar;51(3):404-413 | 4 |
Our differentiated approach: Combining human genetics with our understanding of immunology and neurodegeneration
Our therapies are designed to restore the function of the microglia to treat these multiple parallel pathologies in order to slow or stop the progression of neurodegenerative disease
Antibody
Alector's
Immuno-Neurology
Approach
Provide nourishing factors
Remove pathological proteins
Maintain synapses
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Rapidly translating scientific leadership into emerging portfolio of first-in-class programs
Multiple first- in-class clinical programs
Robust discovery pipeline
- Advanced 4 candidates into the clinic since our founding
- Advanced AL001 from preclinical to a Ph 3 study in less than two years
- Two immuno-neurology programs for Alzheimer's disease, advancing to Ph 2
- 3 additional clinical ready programs progressing forward
- >120 immune system targets
- Progressed 14 programs into R&D development
- >200 patent applications, 38 patent families and 6 issued U.S. patents
Current cash and equivalents of $461.7M* expected to fund operations through 2022
*As of 3Q 2020 | 6 |
** FIH: first-in-human trials |
Robust portfolio of product candidates targeting the innate immune system
PRO G RAM | C AN DI DATE | RESEARCH | PRE-C L I N I CAL | PHASE 1 | PHASE 2 | PHASE 3 | PARTNER |
AL001 | FTD-GRN | ||||||
Progranulin | AL001 | FTD-C9orf72 | |||||
AL101 | Neurology | ||||||
TREM2 | AL002 | Alzheimer's disease (AD) | |||||
SIGLEC3 | AL003 | Alzheimer's disease (AD) | |||||
MS4A4A | AL014 | Alzheimer's disease (AD) | |||||
SIRP-alpha | AL008 | Cancer | |||||
Multi-Siglec | ADP009 | Cancer | |||||
Research pipeline | ADP012 | ||||||
ADP016 | |||||||
ADP017 | |||||||
ADP023 | |||||||
ADP026 | |||||||
ADP122 | |||||||
ADP022 |
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Portfolio optimized for enhanced clinical success
Each development program incorporates:
! | ||||
Proven, genetically | Defined patient | |||
Biomarkers | ||||
validated targets | ||||
populations | ||||
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FTD-GRN represents our initial indication from our first-in-class progranulin program
MRI of frontal and temporal atrophy in FTD
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a devastating and rapidly progressive form of dementia
- Early onset under the age of 60
- Life expectancy 7 - 10 years
-
170,000 FTD patients in (US + EU)
− 15,000 patients with PGRN mutations (FTD-GRN)
Image source: Brain, Volume 129, Issue 11, 1 November 2006, Pages 3103-3114. | 9 |
Note: Arrows added to MRI image of brain pointing to enlarged ventricles, a sign of brain atrophy. |
AL001 scientific rationale: PGRN deficiency causal for FTD
Homozygous mutations (100% LOF)
- 100% decrease in PGRN levels
- Dementia, vision loss, epilepsy, death1
Heterozygous mutations (50% LOF)
- >50% decrease in PGRN levels
- FTD with >90% penetrance
- Dementia, death within 7 - 10 years
Regulatory mutations (~20% LOF)
- ~20% decrease in PGRN levels
- Risk factor for Alzheimer's3, Parkinson's diseases3
Note: LOF - loss of function.
- Sci Transl Med. 2017 Apr 12;9(385)
- Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2016;6:330-340;
- Eur J Neurol. 2013 Dec;20(12):1571-3; Gene. 2014 Jun 1;542(2):141-5
Plasma2 | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)2 |
10 |
AL001 for FTD-GRN: Targeting progranulin to restore function of microglia
MECHANISM OF ACTION
- Increases the half-life of PGRN by blocking Sortilin, a degradation receptor, in order to restore PGRN to normal levels
PGRN
PGRN
PHASE 1/2 DATA
-
AL001 was safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers and patients and showed target engagement and restoration of
PGRN
STATUS
- Pivotal Phase 3 study initiated in July 2020
REGULATORY
- Orphan Drug and Fast Track Designation
PGRNPGRN
Degradation Pathway (Sort1) | AL001 |
Degradation Pathway (Sort1) |
PGRN
degradation
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AL001 Phase 1 study design
In the Phase 1 study, AL001 was generally safe and well tolerated with no SAEs or DLTs reported
Phase 1a Dose Escalation (N = 50)
Healthy Volunteers | AL001 dose escalation | N = 50 |
1 dose | ||
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Safety and tolerability, Pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) markers in blood and CSF
Phase 1b Open Label (N = 14)
Asymptomatic FTD-GRN | AL001 60 mg/kg | N = 6 |
1 dose | ||
Symptomatic FTD-GRN | AL001 30 mg/kg | N = 8 |
q2w x 3 doses | ||
PRIMARY ENDPOINT: Safety and tolerability
SECONDARY ENDPOINT: Pharmacokinetic (PK)
EXPLORATORY: Pharmacodynamic (PD) markers in blood and CSF
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AL001 increased plasma progranulin in healthy volunteers
AL001 was generally safe and well tolerated
AL001 triples PGRN levels in plasma
N = 50
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Phase 1 data shows AL001 restores PGRN levels back to the normal range
CSF Progranulin Level (ng/ml)
Sustained increase in CSF PGRN in AL001 Phase 1b study
Pre-dose | Pre-dose | 12 days | Pre-dose* | 56 days |
post-dose | post-dose | |||
5
4
3
2
1
0
Healthy Volunteers (HV) | Asymptomatic (aFTD-GRN) | Symptomatic (FTD-GRN) |
(N = 33) | Single dose (N = 6) | 3 doses every 2 weeks (N = 8) |
Individual dots represent individual subjects. Horizontal line represents the median. | 14 |
* One symptomatic subject did not have a reportable CSF PGRN baseline level which complied with Core lab SOP and was therefore excluded. |
AL001 counteracts disease protein signature by normalizing inflammatory and lysosomal biomarkers and demonstrates a decrease in NfL in Phase 1b
AL001 reduced CSF | AL001 reduced CSF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Osteopontin (SPP1), | Chitotriosidase (CHIT1), | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a marker of inflammation | a marker of gliosis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
52% decrease | 22% decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
200% | 400% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
* | * | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
180% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(a.u.) | (a.u.) | 350% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
160% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
300% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
levels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
140% | levels | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
250% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
120% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
relative | 80% | relative | 200% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPP1CSF | 60% | CHIT1CSF | 150% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
40% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HV Pre- | FTD | FTD + | HV Pre- | FTD | FTD + | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dose | Baseline | AL001 | Dose | Baseline | AL001 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: * represents p<0.05
NfL = Neurofilament light chain
1 Alector Research and Development Day presentation, December 13, 2019 2 SEM: standard error of the mean
AL001 increased CSF | Trend in reduction | |||||||||
Cathepsin B (CTSB), a marker | of plasma Neurofilament | |||||||||
of lysosomal function | (NfL) levels from baseline in | |||||||||
58% increase | Phase 1b1,2 | |||||||||
140% | levels | 1.5 | ||||||||
1.4 | ||||||||||
levelsrelativeCSTBCSF(a.u.) | 120% | NfLrelativemeanGeometricplasma | 1.3 | |||||||
100% | * | 1.2 | ||||||||
80% | 1.1 | |||||||||
1.0 | ||||||||||
60% | 0.9 | |||||||||
40% | 0.8 | |||||||||
0.7 | ||||||||||
20% | 0.6 | |||||||||
0% | 0.5 | |||||||||
HV Pre- | FTD | FTD + | 0 | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | ||
Days | ||||||||||
Dose | Baseline | AL001 | ||||||||
15 |
AL001 Phase 1b participants had the option to rollover into Phase 2
Phase 1b Open Label
(N = 14)
Participants could roll | ||
over to Phase 2 | ||
Asymptomatic FTD-GRN | N = 6 | N = 5 |
Symptomatic FTD-GRN | N = 8 | N = 7 |
Dosing
discontinued
Phase 2 Open Label
(expected enrollment up to N = 40)
AAIC Dataset (N = 15) | ||
AL001 60 mg/kg | ||
Asymptomatic FTD-GRN* | N = 5 (5: Ph 1b rollovers) | |
q4w for 96 weeks | ||
Symptomatic FTD-GRN* | AL001 60 mg/kg | N = 10** (7: Ph 1b rollovers) |
q4w for 96 weeks | (3: New patients) | |
Symptomatic FTD-C9orf72 | AL001 60 mg/kg | Enrollment on-going |
q4w for 96 weeks | ||
PRIMARY ENDPOINT: Safety and tolerability
SECONDARY ENDPOINT: PK
EXPLORATORY: PD markers in blood and CSF, volumetric MRI (vMRI), Clinical Outcome Assessments
* Asymptomatic and Symptomatic FTD-GRN enrollment closed. | |
** Due to COVID-19 mediated site closures, 2/10 patients missed a dose and biomarker evaluations. | 16 |
Confidential |
AL001 Phase 2: Generally safe and well tolerated in FTD-GRN participants
aFTD-GRN | FTD-GRN | Total | ||
(N=5) | n (%) | (bvFTD and PPA) | |||
(N=10) | n (%) | (N=15) | | n (%) | ||
Any TEAE | 4 (80.0) | 4 (40.0) | 8 (53.3) | |
Any Severe TEAE | 0 | 1* (10.0) | 1* | (6.7) |
Any Treatment-Related TEAE | 1 (20.0) | 0 | 1 (6.7) | |
Any Treated-Related Severe TEAE | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Any SAE | 0 | 1* (10.0) | 1* | (6.7) |
Any TEAE Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation | 0 | 1* (10.0) | 1* | (6.7) |
Any TEAE Leading to Study Discontinuation | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
- One participant had an unrelated severe SAEs (deep venous thrombosis) with onset date ~7 weeks after the last dose that led to treatment discontinuation. All other TEAEs were mild in severity.
Data cut-off: 13 April 2020 | |
Note: aFTD = asymptomatic carriers of a GRN mutation causative of FTD; bvFTD = behavioral variant FTD; PPA = primary progressive aphasia, TEAE = Treatment | 17 |
Emergent Adverse Event |
Phase 2 data shows plasma PGRN restored to normal in FTD-GRN participants
180
Normal range from healthy volunteers
*
Data cut-off:14-May 2020
SEM: standard error of the mean
Solid circles represent the mean and the dashed bars represent the standard error of the mean. *Due to COVID-19 mediated site closures, 2/10 patients missed a dose and biomarker evaluations.
Confidential | 18 |
Six out of eight participants in Phase 2 showed a decrease in NfL at their last measured timepoint
Natural Log of Plasma Neurofilament Level Over Time
Symptomatic FTD-GRN (N=8*)
Patient 6
Neurofilament | Patient 1 | Patient 8 |
Patient 5 | ||
Patient 7 | ||
Plasma | Patient 4 | Patient 3 |
Log(N) | ||
Patient 2 | ||
Plasma NfL levels - Symptomatic FTD-GRN
(N=8*)
Plasma NfL (pg/mL) | ||||
Patient | Baseline | Last Measured | % Change in NfL | Last Measured |
Timepoint | from Baseline | Timepoint | ||
1 | 82.9 | 39.9 | (52%) | Day 29 |
2 | 11.2 | 8.0 | (29%) | Day 200 |
3 | 22.9 | 16.4 | (28%) | Day 85 |
4 | 19.8 | 15.8 | (20%) | Day 58 |
5 | 68.0 | 64.8 | (5%) | Day 122 |
6 | 148.8 | 141.2 | (5%) | Day 85 |
7 | 46.3 | 55.1 | 19% | Day 122 |
8 | 39.7 | 76.1 | 92% | Day 117 |
Phase 2 data cut-off:14-May-2020 | 19 |
*Due to COVID-19 mediated site closures, 2/10 patients missed a dose and biomarker evaluations. |
AL001 case study: 47yo FTD-GRN patient with primary progressive aphasia
197 days of uninterrupted dosing shows a decrease in NfL
- Patient enrolled and completed Phase 1b, PGRN levels normalized and NfL decreased
- Patient had a 137-day gap between last dose in Phase 1b and enrollment in Phase 2, during which NfL increased by 37%
- After being on drug for 197 days in the Phase 2, without interruption, patient's NfL decreased by 29%
137 Days - Dosing discontinued
Normal
PGRN range
-17% | +37% | -29% | |
57 | 85 | 10 |
Plasma NfL levels : Neurofilament Light Chain | 20 |
AL001 program next steps
- FTD-C90rf72patients will continue the enrollment in Phase 2 (up to 20 total)
- Present additional data from the Phase 2 trial of AL001 in pre-symptomatic and symptomatic FTD-GRN participants and an additional cohort of FTD-C9orf72 patients in 2021
- Continue to execute INFRONT-3 pivotal Phase 3
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AL001 next steps: Pivotal Phase 3 study initiated in July 2020
Approximately 50 clinical centers, including GENFI and ALLFTD registry sites, will be included in the global Phase 3 study
Randomization | Study | Study | ||
Treatment | Completion Visit | |||
Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo Controlled Study (N = 180) | ||||
Individuals at Risk for or with FTD -GRN | AL001 60 mg/kg | 8 weeks F/U | Open label extension | |
IV q4w for up to 96 weeks |
PRIMARY ENDPOINT: CDR® plus NACC FTLD-SB
SECONDARY CLINICAL ENDPOINT: CGI-S, CGI-I,FRS
BIOMARKER ENDPOINTS: vMRI, CSF, blood
CDR® plus NACC FTLD-SB = Clinical Dementia Rating Dementia Staging Instrument PLUS National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center Frontotemporal Lobar | |
Degeneration Behavior and Language Domains Sum of Boxes; CGI-S = Clinician's Global Impression-Severity;CGI-I = Clinician's Global Impression-Improvement; FRS | 22 |
= Frontotemporal Dementia Rating Scale |
Targeting PGRN beyond FTD-GRN: Indication expansion
Causal
GENETIC EVIDENCE
FTD-GRN | In Phase 3 | ||||
~15,000 Patients (U.S. & E.U.) | |||||
FTD-C9ORF72 | In Phase 2 | ||||
~15,000 Patients (U.S. & E.U.) | |||||
ALS | |||||
~48,000 Patients1 (U.S. & E.U.) | |||||
All FTD | |||||
~170,000 Patients (U.S. & E.U.) | |||||
AL001
- On-goingPhase 2 study includes FTD-C9orf72 cohort
- Additional indications include ALS and/or all FTD patients regardless of mutation
Positive Correlation
PD
~10M Patients (WW)
AL101
AD
>35M Patients (WW)
Note: Figure not to scale.
- Ongoing Phase 1 study assessing the safety and tolerability in healthy volunteers with data expected in 2021.
1. Nat Commun. 2016 Aug 11;7:12408. | 23 |
Alzheimer's disease represents a significant unmet need
No disease modifying therapeutics available
Most common
form of dementia1
60% to 70%
Initial onset in patients
over 652
~5.7 million2
cases in the U.S. in 2018 with projections to rise to nearly 14 million in 20502
6th3
leading cause of death in the U.S.
of all cases2
Past development programs focused on single pathology of disease, such as beta amyloid and tau proteins, which did not yield success.
1. | Wilson RS, Segawa E, Boyle, PA, Anagnos SE, Hizel LP, Bennett DA. The natural history of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Psychol Aging 2012;27(4):1008-17. | |
2. | Alzheimer's Association, "2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures"[Alzheimer's Association] | 24 |
3. | NIH National Institute of Aging, "Alzheimer's Disease Fact Sheet" |
TREM2 has the strongest genetic links to Alzheimer's disease after only APOE4
Disease association
TREM2
- TREM2 homozygous loss of function may cause neurodegeneration by age 40, with a lifespan of ~10 years following diagnosis
- TREM2 heterozygous loss of function increases risk for AD by 3x
- A SNP (rs9381040) associated with increased TREM2 expression is protective against AD
Annotated from Nature Genetics 2019 Mar;51(3):404-413 | 25 |
AL002 for AD: Targeting TREM2 to recruit microglia to counteract disease pathologies
MECHANISM OF ACTION
- Antibody designed to activate TREM2 and enhance microglia activity
PHASE 1 DATA
- AL002 successfully achieved its primary and secondary endpoints in the Phase 1 study
STATUS
- Initiating Phase 2 in 2020
PARTNER
- Global 50/50 profit and cost share partnership with AbbVie
AL002
TREM2
P P P P
Syk
Improve survival,
proliferation, function
of microglia
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AL002 recruits microglia to counteract pathologies in AD mouse model
AL002 strongly increases a | AL002s recruit microglia | AL002s reduces area |
marker of microglial proliferation | to plaques1 | occupied by plaques1 |
proliferation marker
**** indicates a p-value < 0.0001 by T-test. | 27 |
(1) Data generated by D. Wilcock, University of Kentucky |
Target engagement and proof-of-mechanism in CSF achieved in Phase 1
AL002 was found to be generally safe and well-tolerated in 34 healthy volunteers
% change from baseline
Dose-dependent reduction
in soluble TREM2
N = 34* p < 0.001
Placebo | 6 mg/kg | 15 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | 45 mg/kg | 60 mg/kg | |||||
Dose-dependent elevation in sCSF-1R, associated with microglia activation
baselinefromchange% | ||||||||||||||||
N = 34* | * | |||||||||||||||
p < 0.05 | ||||||||||||||||
Placebo | 6 mg/kg | 15 mg/kg | 30 mg/kg | 45 mg/kg | 60 mg/kg | |||||||||||
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AL002 next steps: Initiate Phase 2 in 2020
Patients
with
prodromal-
Randomization | Study | Study |
Treatment | Completion Visit |
Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo Controlled Study* (48-96 weeks)
AL002 arms
8 weeks
to-mild
(early AD)
Placebo arm
PRIMARY ENDPOINT: CDR-SB
safety F/U
SECONDARY CLINICAL OUTCOME ASSESSMENTS:
RBANS, ADAS-Cog13,ADCS-ADL-MCI
* Number of active arms could change during the study | 29 |
AL003 for AD: Increase activity of microglia by blocking SIGLEC 3
MECHANISM OF ACTION
- SIGLEC 3 is inhibitory receptor expressed on microglia
- AL003 blocks SIGLEC 3 in the same manner of a PD-1 inhibitor to allow immune system to work at fully capacity
PHASE 1A DATA
- AL003 successfully achieved its primary and secondary endpoints in the Phase 1a study
STATUS
- Phase 1b ongoing with data expected in 2021
PARTNER
- Global 50/50 profit and cost share partnership with AbbVie
Sialic acid
AL003
SIGLEC 3
Increases function by releasing
inhibition on microglia
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SIGLEC 3 mutation a risk for Alzheimer's disease
SIGLEC 3 is an | Prevalent risk allele in AD*: | ||
inhibitory receptor | • | Reduces ability to clear A beta | plaques** |
for microglia | • | Leads to a smaller brain volume*** |
Protective SIGLEC 3 variant | Risk SIGLEC 3 variant |
low A-beta | high A-beta |
AA: | CC: | AA: | CC: | |||||||
Protective | Risk Allele | Protective | Risk Allele | |||||||
Allele | Allele | |||||||||
MFI SIGLEC 3
SIGLEC 3 Expression | A-beta clearance |
*Neurobiol Aging. 2015 Apr;36(4):1765.e7-1765.e16. | |
**Nature Neuroscience volume 16, pages 848-850 (2013). | 31 |
***Neurobiol Aging. 2015 Apr;36(4):1765.e7-1765.e16 |
Target engagement and proof-of-mechanism in CSF achieved in Phase 1a
AL003 was found to be generally safe and well-tolerated in 21 healthy volunteers
AL003 demonstrated long lasting peripheral target engagement
The Phase 1b portion of the study continues to enroll with data expected in 2021
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Latest prioritized product candidates moving towards the clinic
AL014
for AD
- Designed to counteract the risk variants of MS4A4A and to functionally convert the risk variants of MS4A4A to the protective variant
- Goal: mimic and exceed the beneficial activity of the protective MS4A4A variant, which may potentially decrease the progression of AD
- First-in-humanstudy expected to initiate in the next 12-18 months
AL008
Oncology
ADP009
Oncology
- Novel antibody targeting the CD47-SIRP-alpha pathway
- Unique dual mechanism of action that relieves immune suppression (a "don't eat me signal") while also engaging Fc gamma to drive anti-tumor immunity
- First-in-classmulti-Siglec inhibitor that recruits innate immune cells to activate adaptive immunity
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In 2021, we will continue to advance Alector's broad clinical pipeline
AL001
AL002
AL003
AL101
AL014
- Continue progressing Phase 3 study of AL001 in FTD-GRN
- Phase 2 results in FTD-GRN
- Continue progressing Phase 2 study of AL002 in AD (initiation expected in 2020)
- Phase 1b results from AL003 in AD
- Phase 1 results of AL101 in healthy volunteers
- Initiation of Phase 1 FiH study of AL014
Current cash and equivalents of $461.7M*expected to fund operations through 2022
*As of 3Q 2020 | 34 |
** FIH: first-in-human trials |
"At Alector we envision a world where dementia and neurodegeneration are illnesses of the past, just as smallpox and polio have become."
Arnon Rosenthal, PhD
Chief Executive Officer, Co-Founder
35
November 2020
Harnessing the Immune System to Cure Neurodegeneration
Confidential
AL001 counteracts the disease protein signature in FTD patients in Phase 1b
GRN- FTD vs Healthy (Z-score)
Four-way rescue/phenocopy plot
CHIT1
SPP1
GRN
CTSB
AL001-treated vs Baseline GRN-FTD(Z-score)
- AL001 reduces inflammatory markers of disease (blue)
- AL001 increases proteins associated with lysosomal function (red)
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Alector Inc. published this content on 17 November 2020 and is solely responsible for the information contained therein. Distributed by Public, unedited and unaltered, on 18 November 2020 14:20:02 UTC