NEXTCURE, INC. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report and the audited financial information and related notes, as well as Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other disclosures, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2021 , or our "2021 Annual Report". Some of the statements contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "aim," "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "continue," "could," "should," "due," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "hope," "may," "objective," "plan," "predict," "potential," "positioned," "seek," "target," "towards," "forward," "later," "will," "would" and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or similar language. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:
our expectations regarding the timing, progress and results of preclinical
studies and clinical trials for NC410, NC525, NC762 and any other product
? candidates we develop, including statements regarding the timing of initiation
and completion of studies or trials and related preparatory work, the period
during which the results of the trials will become available and our research
and development programs;
the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings for NC410, NC525, NC762 and any
? other product candidates we develop and our ability to obtain and maintain
regulatory approvals for such product candidates for any indication;
? the identification, analysis and use of biomarkers and biomarker data;
? development of patient selection assays and companion or complementary
diagnostics for NC410, NC525, NC762 or any other product candidates we develop;
? our manufacturing capabilities and strategy, including the scalability of our
manufacturing methods and processes;
? our expectations regarding the potential benefits, activity, effectiveness and
safety of NC410, NC525, NC762 and any other product candidates we develop;
? our intentions and ability to successfully commercialize our product
candidates;
? our expectations regarding the nature of the biological pathways we are
targeting;
our expectations for our Functional, Integrated, NextCure Discovery in
? Immuno-Oncology ("FIND-IO") platform, including our ability to discover and
advance product candidates using our FIND-IO platform;
? the potential benefits of and our ability to maintain our relationship and
collaboration with
our estimates regarding our expenses, future revenues, capital requirements,
? our needs for or ability to obtain additional financing and the period over
which we expect our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities to
be sufficient to fund our operations;
? our intended reliance on and the performance of third parties, including
collaborators, contract research organizations and third-party manufacturers;
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? our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property protection and the
scope and duration of such protection;
? any failure of our information technology systems such as security breaches,
loss of data and other disruptions;
? developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry,
including competing therapies; and
? the impact of current and future laws and regulations.
Forward-looking statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement. Such risks and uncertainties include, among others: the continued impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (including the emergence of variant strains) on our business, including our clinical trials, third parties on which we rely and our operations; positive results in preclinical studies may not be predictive of the results of clinical trials; our limited operating history and no products approved for commercial sale; our history of significant losses; our need to obtain additional financing; risks related to clinical development, marketing approval and commercialization; the unproven approach to the discovery and development of product candidates based on our FIND-IO platform; and dependence on key personnel. More detailed information on these and additional factors that could affect our actual results are described under the heading "Risk Factors" in our 2021 Annual Report and in our other filings with theSecurities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, even if expectations change.
Overview
We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to discovering and developing novel, first-in-class immunomedicines to treat cancer and other immune-related diseases by restoring normal immune function. We view the immune system holistically and, rather than target one specific immune cell type, we focus on understanding biological pathways, the interactions of cells and the role each interaction plays in an immune response. Through our proprietary Functional, Integrated, NextCure Discovery in Immuno-Oncology, or "FIND-IO", platform, we study various immune cells to discover and understand targets and structural components of immune cells and their functional impact in order to develop immunomedicines. We are focused on patientswho do not respond to current therapies, patients whose cancer progresses despite treatment and patients with cancer types not adequately addressed by available therapies. We are committed to discovering and developing first-in-class immunomedicines, which are immunomedicines that use new or unique mechanisms of action to treat a medical condition, for these patients. We currently have three product candidates in clinical development. We are focusing our efforts on the LAIR programs with NC410 (LAIR-2 fusion) in a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in combination with pembrolizumab and NC525 (LAIR-1 mAb), for which we filed an investigational new drug (IND) application with theUS Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and anticipate initiating a Phase 1 trial in the first quarter of 2023. In addition, NC762 (B7-H4 mAb) advanced into a Phase 1b cohort expansion study. NC410 NC410 is a novel immunomedicine designed to block immune suppression mediated by an immune modulator called Leukocyte-Associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor, or "LAIR", -1. InJune 2020 , we initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC410 in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. The Phase 1 dose-escalation portion of this open-label trial was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of NC410 in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors and determine its pharmacologically active and/or maximum tolerated dose. The Phase 1 clinical trial enrolled a total of 40 patients across 7 cohorts ranging from 3 mg up to 200 mg. NC410 has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated up to 200 mg once every 2 weeks (Q2W). Notable treatment- related adverse events included infusion reactions, anemia and a worsening of a baseline lymphopenia. The best response achieved was stable disease greater than 12 weeks in 8 patients across different doses and indications. Based on the preclinical and 14 Table of Contents
clinical data to date, we have determined a combination strategy to be more likely for clinical response in a Phase 1b/2 instead of a monotherapy approach.
InOctober 2022 , we announced the initiation of a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial to evaluate NC410 in combination with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab), Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy, in immune checkpoint refractory patients (colorectal, esophageal, endometrial and head and neck cancers) or immune checkpoint naïve solid tumor patients (colorectal and ovarian cancers). The rationale for moving directly into a combination trial for NC410 is based on NC410's mechanism of action, as seen in preclinical modeling and also during the NC410 Phase 1 dose escalation study readouts. It has been shown that elevated collagen levels in the extracellular matrix (ECM), the tissue matrix surrounding the tumor, are associated with resistance to PD-1 and PD-L1 therapies. In non-clinical colorectal models and early-stage monotherapy clinical studies conducted byNextCure , we have demonstrated that NC410 can remodel collagen in the ECM, which enhances T cell infiltration into the tumor. This results in immune activation, enhanced immune function in the TME and significantly enhances anti-PD-1 activity in multiple preclinical tumors models. We believe that this may translate to improved responses in patients with immune checkpoint refractory or immune checkpoint naïve solid tumors.
The Company entered into a supply agreement for KEYTRUDA with Merck (known as
MSD outside
NC525
NC525 is a novel LAIR-1 antibody that selectively targets Acute Myeloid Leukemia, or "AML", blast cells and leukemic stem cells, or "LSCs". Preclinical data show that NC525 kills AML blast cells and LSCs while sparing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, or "HSPCs". Preclinical data were presented at theAmerican Society for Hematology annual meeting inDecember 2021 . The data showed that NC525 (i) inhibits colony formation of AML LSCs in vitro, (ii) inhibits AML growth in the MV4-11 derived xenografts animal model in vivo and (iii) restricts AML progression in patient-derived xenografts in vivo. An IND was submitted with the FDA and we have received clearance to proceed. We plan to initiate a Phase 1 clinical study in the first quarter 2023.
NC762
NC762 is an immunomedicine targeting an immunomodulatory molecule called human B7 homolog 4 protein, or "B7-H4". InJuly 2021 , we initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC762 in patients with lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer or other tumor types. The Phase 1 dose-escalation portion of this open-label trial was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of NC762 and determine its pharmacologically active and/or maximum tolerated dose. The Phase 1 clinical trial enrolled a total of 18 patients across 5 cohorts ranging from 0.5 mg up to 20 mg. NC762 was safe and well-tolerated.
In
NC318
InNovember 2022 , we announced that NC318 would not move forward in the amended Phase 2 monotherapy clinical trial. Although NC318 has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated in patients, we saw no responses in the amended Phase 2 portion of the trial and, based on the totality of the NC318 monotherapy data, we will wind down the clinical study while ensuring that patients on study have access to NC318.
The Company will continue to support
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COVID-19
In March 2020 , the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus
disease 2019 ("COVID-19") outbreak a pandemic. In order to mitigate the spread
of COVID-19, governments have imposed unprecedented restrictions on business
operations, travel, and gatherings, resulting in a global economic downturn and
other adverse economic and societal impacts. The COVID-19 pandemic has also
overwhelmed or otherwise led to changes in the operations of many healthcare
facilities, including clinical trial sites. However, our laboratories have
continued operations throughout the pandemic mostly without interruption.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (including the impact of emerging variant
strains of the COVID-19 virus) on our business and financial performance is
uncertain and depends on various factors, including the scope and duration of
the pandemic, the efficacy and global distribution of vaccines, government
restrictions and other actions, including relief measures, implemented to
address the impact of the pandemic, and resulting impacts on the financial
markets and overall economy. The imposition of restrictions on business
operations, travel and gatherings by state and federal governments in the United
States as well as governments in other regions of the world in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic initially placed significant strain on our clinical trial
sites, raised concerns around monitoring patient safety, slowed patient
enrollment and caused delays in the Company's clinical trials and issuance of
results. Any rise of COVID-19 infection rates, especially in the United States ,
could continue to negatively affect enrollment going forward. We continue to
closely monitor the COVID-19 situation and any potential impact to our planned
activities.
Financial Overview
Since commencing operations in 2015, we have devoted substantially all our efforts and financial resources to organizing and staffing our company, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital, securing intellectual property rights related to our product candidates, building and optimizing our manufacturing capabilities, and conducting discovery, research and development activities for our product candidates, discovery programs and FIND-IO platform. We have not generated any revenue from product sales and only limited revenue from other sources. Our net loss for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2022 and 2021, was$18.9 million and$17.9 million , respectively, and our net loss for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 and 2021, was$57.4 million and$52.5 million , respectively. As ofSeptember 30, 2022 , we had an accumulated deficit of$244.5 million , primarily as a result of research and development and general and administrative expenses. We do not expect to generate product revenue unless and until we obtain marketing approval and commercialize a product candidate, and we cannot assure you that we will ever generate significant revenue or profits.
We have funded our operations to date primarily with proceeds from public
offerings of our common stock, with private placements of our preferred stock
and with upfront fees received under our former research and development
collaboration agreement with Lilly, or the "Lilly Agreement," which was
terminated in
InNovember 2018 , we entered into the Lilly Agreement to use our FIND-IO platform to identify novel oncology targets for additional collaborative research and drug discovery by us and Lilly. We received an upfront payment of$25.0 million in cash and an equity investment of$15.0 million from Lilly upon entering into the Lilly Agreement. We were also eligible for quarterly research and development support payments during a portion of the term of the Lilly Agreement. EffectiveMarch 3, 2020 , Lilly terminated the Lilly Agreement without cause. OnMay 13, 2019 , we closed our initial public offering, or "IPO", in which we sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of$15.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of$86.3 million . The net offering proceeds to us were approximately$77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of$6.0 million and offering expenses of$3.4 million . OnNovember 19, 2019 , we completed an underwritten public offering, in which we issued and sold 4,077,192 shares of common stock at a public offering price of$36.75 per share. OnDecember 2, 2019 , the underwriters exercised in full their option to purchase an additional 611,578 shares of common stock at the public offering price of$36.75 , for 16 Table of Contents
total net proceeds to us of approximately
As ofSeptember 30, 2022 , we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, excluding restricted cash, of$169.2 million . We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into mid-2025. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. We expect to incur substantial expenditures in the foreseeable future as we advance our product candidates through clinical development, the regulatory approval process and, if approved, commercialization, and as we expand our pipeline through research and development activities related to our FIND-IO platform and discovery programs. Specifically, in the near term, we expect to incur substantial expenses relating to our Phase 1b/2 clinical trial of NC410 in combination with pembrolizumab, our planned Phase 1 clinical trial for NC525, and our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial for NC762, and other research and development activities. We expect to continue to incur significantly increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, including significant legal, accounting, investor relations and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and to pursue our development strategy. Until such time as we can generate significant revenue from sales of our product candidates, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of public and private equity offerings, debt financings, marketing and distribution arrangements, other collaborations, strategic alliances, and licensing arrangements. Adequate funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such agreements as and when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate preclinical studies, clinical trials, or other research and development activities or one or more of our development programs.
Components of Our Results of Operations
Revenue
Through
Operating Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for our discovery efforts, research activities, development and testing of our product candidates as well as for clinical trials, including:
? salaries, benefits and other related costs, including stock-based compensation,
for personnel engaged in research and development functions;
expenses incurred under agreements with third parties, including agreements
? with third parties that conduct research, preclinical activities or clinical
trials on our behalf, such as our license agreement with
"Yale";
? costs of outside consultants, including their fees, stock-based compensation
and related travel expenses;
? the costs of laboratory supplies and acquiring, developing and manufacturing
preclinical study and clinical trial materials; and
facility-related expenses, which include direct depreciation costs and
? allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities and other operating
costs.
We expense research and development costs as incurred. Our expenses related to
clinical trials are based on actual costs incurred and estimates of other
incurred costs. These estimated costs are based on several factors, including
patient
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enrollment and related expenses at clinical investigator sites, contract
services received, consulting agreement costs and efforts expended under
contracts with research institutions and third-party contract research
organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials on our behalf. We
generally accrue estimated costs related to clinical trials based on contracted
amounts applied to the level of patient enrollment and other activity according
to the protocol. If future timelines or contracts are modified based on changes
in the clinical trial protocol or scope of work to be performed, we would modify
our estimates of accrued expenses accordingly on a prospective basis.
Historically, any such modifications have not been material.
Research and development activities are central to our business model. We expect
that our research and development expenses will continue to increase
substantially for the foreseeable future as we advance our product candidates
through development and expand the number of trials we are conducting and the
patients enrolled in those trials, as we utilize our current good manufacturing
practice, or "cGMP", manufacturing capacity, including to provide drug supply of
NC410, NC525 and NC762 for future clinical trials, and as we expand our pipeline
through research and development activities related to our FIND-IO platform and
discovery programs.
We cannot determine with certainty the duration and costs of future clinical
trials of NC410, NC525, NC762 or any other product candidate we may develop or
if, when or to what extent we will generate revenue from the commercialization
and sale of any product candidate for which we may obtain marketing approval. We
may never succeed in obtaining marketing approval for any product candidate. The
duration, costs and timing of clinical trials and development of NC410, NC525,
NC762 and any other product candidate we may develop will depend on a variety of
factors, including:
the scope, progress, results, and costs of clinical trials of NC410, NC525 and
? NC762, as well as of any future clinical trials of other product candidates and
other research and development activities that we may conduct;
the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including delays and slowdowns
? as a result of strain on our clinical trial sites and concerns about patient
safety;
? uncertainties in selection of indications, clinical trial design and patient
enrollment rates;
the probability of success for our product candidates, including safety and
? efficacy, early clinical data, competition, ease and ability of manufacturing
and commercial viability;
? significant and changing government regulation and regulatory guidance;
? the timing and receipt of any development or marketing approvals; and
? the expense of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims
and other intellectual property rights.
A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could lead to a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if theU.S. Food and Drug Administration or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those that we anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate, or if we experience significant delays in our clinical trials due to patient enrollment or other reasons, we would be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time to complete clinical development for any such product candidate.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel related costs, including payroll and stock-based compensation for personnel in executive, finance, human resources, business and corporate development and other administrative functions, professional fees for legal, intellectual property, consulting and accounting services, rent and other facility-related costs, depreciation and other general operating expenses not otherwise classified as research and
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development expenses. General and administrative expenses also include all patent-related costs incurred in connection with filing and prosecuting patent applications, which are expensed as incurred.
We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase during the next few years as a result of staff expansion and additional occupancy costs, higher legal and accounting fees, investor relations costs, higher insurance premiums and other compliance costs.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on marketable securities.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three and Nine Months Ended
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods
indicated (in thousands):
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2022 2021 Change 2022 2021 Change
Operating expenses:
Research and development $ 13,528 $ 13,597 $ (69) $ 41,377 $ 37,928 $ 3,449
General and administrative 5,711 4,911 800 16,761 15,766 995
Loss from operations (19,239) (18,508) (731) (58,138) (53,694) (4,444)
Other income (expense), net 328 578 (250)
705 1,244 (539)
Net loss $ (18,911) $ (17,930) $ (981) $ (57,433) $ (52,450) $ (4,983) Research and Development Expenses
The following table summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
(in thousands) 2022 2021 Change 2022 2021 Change
External research and development expenses:
NC410 $ 1,465 $ 1,160 $ 305 $ 4,785 $ 2,999 $ 1,786
NC762 1,448 1,043 405 3,593 2,881 712
Other programs and preclinical development 4,497 5,779 (1,282) 15,419 15,212 207
Total external research and development expenses 7,410 7,982 (572) 23,797 21,092 2,705
Total internal research and development expenses 6,118 5,615 503 17,580 16,836 744
Total research and development expenses $ 13,528 $ 13,597 We do not allocate personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation costs, or other indirect costs to specific programs, as they are deployed across multiple projects under development and discovery and, as such, are separately classified as internal research and development expenses in the table above. Research and development expenses for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2022 were comparable to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2021 as higher internal research and development expenses were offset by lower external research and development expenses. Research and development expenses for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 increased by$3.4 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 . The increase is a result of$3.4 million higher clinical-related costs, primarily related to NC410. 19 Table of Contents
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2022 increased by$0.8 million compared to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2021 . The increase was primarily due to higher personnel-related costs. General and administrative expenses for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 increased$1.0 million compared to the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 . The increase was primarily due to higher personnel-related costs.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net for the three months endedSeptember 30, 2022 decreased by$0.3 million compared to the three months endedSeptember 30, 2021 , due to lower interest income as a result of lower cash and investments.
Other income, net for the nine months ended
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have financed our operations primarily with proceeds from public offerings of our common stock, private placements of our preferred stock and upfront fees received under the Lilly Agreement. OnMay 13, 2019 , we closed our IPO, in which we sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of$15.00 per share, for net offering proceeds to us of approximately$77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. OnNovember 19, 2019 , we completed an underwritten public offering in which we sold 4,077,192 shares of common stock at a public offering price of$36.75 per share. OnDecember 2, 2019 , the underwriters exercised in full their option to purchase an additional 611,578 shares of common stock at a public offering price of$36.75 . Net offering proceeds to us were approximately$160.9 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. Since inception, we have received aggregate gross proceeds of$164.4 million from the sale and issuance of shares of our preferred stock. In addition, inNovember 2018 , we received an upfront payment of$25.0 million in cash from Lilly pursuant to the Lilly Agreement. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in money market funds. OnMay 6, 2021 , the Company entered into a sales agreement (the "Sales Agreement") withSVB Leerink LLC (the "Agent"), pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate sales price of$75 million of its common stock through the Agent in negotiated transactions that are deemed to be an "at the market offering." The Agent will be entitled to compensation equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of all shares of common stock sold through it as Agent under the Sales Agreement. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by the Company from time to time, including, among other things, market conditions, the trading price of the common stock, capital needs and determinations by the Company of the appropriate sources of funding for the Company. We have not yet sold any shares of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement. As ofSeptember 30, 2022 , we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, excluding restricted cash, of$169.2 million . We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into mid-2025. We will continue to require additional capital to develop our product candidates and fund operations for the foreseeable future. We may seek to raise capital through sale of equity, debt financings, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. Adequate additional funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such arrangements as and when needed, we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development of our product candidates or delay our efforts to expand our pipeline of product candidates. 20 Table of Contents Cash Flows
The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for each of the periods presented below (in thousands):
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022 2021
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities $ (44,937) $ (43,795)
Investing activities 63,511 47,602
Financing activities 139 (3,388)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
Net cash used in operating activities was$44.9 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 , which was primarily due to our net loss of$57.4 million , partially offset by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization of$3.1 million , amortization of premiums and discounts on marketable securities of$2.6 million and stock-based compensation of$7.2 million . Net cash used in operating activities was$43.8 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 , which was primarily due to our net loss of$52.5 million , an increase in prepaid expenses of$4.4 million and$1.0 million lower accounts payable, partially offset by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization of$3.1 million , amortization of premiums and discounts on marketable securities of$2.0 million , stock-based compensation of$7.8 million and$1.1 million higher accrued liabilities and deferred rent.
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 was$63.5 million , which was primarily due to net proceeds from marketable securities of$64.8 million , partially offset by purchases of property and equipment of$1.3 million . Net cash provided by investing activities for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 was$47.6 million , which was primarily due to net proceeds from marketable securities of$49.1 million , partially offset by purchases of property and equipment of$1.5 million .
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was$0.1 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 , which was due to the exercise of stock options and sales of our stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP). Net cash used in financing activities was$3.4 million for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 , which consisted primarily of payments related to a term loan, which was paid in full and closed inAugust 2021 .
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2022 , as compared to those disclosed in our 2021 Annual Report.
Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments and Use of Estimates
Our condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance withU.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or "GAAP". The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting periods. The most significant assumptions used in the financial statements are the underlying assumptions used in revenue recognition and valuing share-based compensation, including the fair value of our common stock in periods before our IPO. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent 21 Table of Contents
from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
During the nine months ended
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Since our inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements,
as defined in the rules and regulations of the
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our unaudited condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that may impact our financial position and results of operations.
Emerging Growth Company Status
As an emerging growth company, or "EGC", under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the "JOBS Act", we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for adopting new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until such time as those standards apply to private companies.
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