The following discussion provides information that we believe is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated operating results and financial condition. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our other reports filed with theSEC , as well as our Financial Statements and the Notes. Terms not defined herein have the same meaning defined elsewhere in this 2022 Form 10-K. 41
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Table of Contents Introduction to the Company We are a gold and silver development company that owns theHycroft Mine in the prolific mining region ofNorthern Nevada . We are focused on exploring theHycroft Mine's claims comprising approximately 64,085 acres and developing theHycroft Mine in a safe, environmentally responsible, and cost-effective manner. Gold and silver sales represent 100% of our Revenues and the market prices of gold and silver significantly impact our financial position, operating results, and cash flows. We ceased mining activities inNovember 2021 , and as ofDecember 31, 2022 we completed processing of gold and silver ore previously placed on leach pads. We do not expect to generate revenues from gold and silver sales until after developing theHycroft Mine and recommencing mining operations.
Health and Safety
We believe that safety is a core value and we support that belief through our philosophy of safe work performance. Our mandatory mine safety and health programs include employee engagement and ownership of safety performance, accountability, employee and contractor training, risk management, workplace inspection, emergency response, accident investigation, and program auditing. This integrated approach is essential to ensure that our employees, contractors, and visitors operate safely. During the year ended 2022, we reported no lost time accidents.The Hycroft Mine's TRIFR for the trailing twelve months, which includes other reportable incidents, is one of the metrics we use to assess safety performance, and it is well below industry averages and significantly below historical levels experienced at theHycroft Mine . During the year ended 2022, we continued our critical focus on safety, including allocating additional personnel, resources, workforce time, and communications to mine safety. These actions contributed to a reduction in our TRIFR to Nil (0.00) atDecember 31, 2022 , compared with approximately 0.64 atDecember 31, 2021 , a reduction of 100%. We plan to advance our safety performance through continuous improvement programs and efforts to keep our workforce, contractors, and visitors safe.
For health and safety actions specific to COVID-19, see the Recent Developments section below.
Executive Summary During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , we continued processing gold and silver from ore previously placed on the leach pads and, inAugust 2022 , determined that it was no longer economic to continue to apply cyanide solution to the leach pads. As a result, we completed processing of gold and silver ore as ofDecember 31, 2022 . When the operation was re-started in 2019, mining oxide and transition ore allowed the Company to pre-strip overburden with some revenue offset to gain access to commercial scale sulfide mineralization. With the anticipated change to a milling operation, there is ample time to align the remaining pre-stripping with the start-up of commercial scale sulfide operations. We believe that this action conserves cash and focuses the Company's time and resources on targeted higher-grade exploration opportunities and technical studies for processing the Company's sulfide ore. The 2021 drill program concluded in the first quarter of 2022, and metallurgical analysis and variability test work is expected to continue through the second quarter of 2023. The 2022-2023 exploration program involving reverse circulation ("RC") and core drilling began in the third quarter of 2022 and the Company completed Phase 1 inDecember 2022 . Following a review of past and recent test work and based on the currently contemplated designs and operating parameters of the alternative sulfide processing methods being studied and milling with atmospheric alkaline oxidation or POX, the Company, working closely with its industry leading technical consultants, completed pit optimization runs and trade-off analyses comparing the alternative processes which reflected that a POX process has significantly better economics than other processes studied. The POX process included in the 2023 Hycroft TRS is a conventional crushing, grinding, and flotation circuit that generates a concentrate to be fed to an autoclave facility commonly used for refractory gold ores in this region.
Recent Developments
Project Update
2022-2023 Exploration Drill Program
InJuly 2022 , the Company launched its 2022-2023 exploration drill program which is the largest exploration program at theHycroft Mine in nearly a decade and comprises approximately 30,000 meters of RC drilling and 7,500 meters of core drilling. The overall focus of the 2022-2023 exploration drill program is to improve the understanding of the higher-grade intercepts identified during the 2021 drill program, better understand the mineralization controls, test exploration targets outside 42
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the currently known deposits, and develop opportunities to mine higher-grade ore early in the mine plan enhancing the project's economics.
During the year ended
•Drilling within the current known resource, to establish continuity between higher-grade zones identified in 2021;
•Converting mineralization previously classified as waste in the Camel and Central zones into ore grade mineralization;
•Upgrading mineralization previously classified as inferred into measured and indicated in the Camel and Central zones;
•Expanding mineralization to the east at least 150 meters beyond the known resource boundary opening a new target area for near-mine exploration; and
•Establishing that the high-grade silver deposit, Vortex, continues to deliver high-grade silver mineralization over significant intercepts.
Approximately 25,000 meters of RC drilling and 4,000 meters of core drilling was completed during Phase 1 of the 2022-2023 exploration drill program.
Finalized Initial Assessment Technical Report
The Company, along with its third-party consultants, completed and filed the 2023 Hycroft TRS with an effective date ofMarch 27, 2023 . The 2023 Hycroft TRS included a mineral resource estimate for theHycroft Mine . The 2023 Hycroft TRS included measured and indicated mineral resources of 10.6 million ounces of gold and 360.7 million ounces of silver (15.2 million gold equivalent ounces) and inferred mineral resources of 3.4 million ounces of gold and 96.1 million ounces of silver (4.6 million gold equivalent ounces), which are contained in oxide, transitional, and sulfide ores. For this study, IMC developed theHycroft Mine resource block model which includes 1981 to 2022 data generated from 5,601 holes, representing 2,588,826 feet of drilling. Changes to the drill hole database for additional verification work completed during 2022 along with additional drilling conducted during 2021 and 2022 led to a change in the mineral resource estimate, when compared with the mineral resource estimate contained in the 2022 Hycroft TRS.
The mineral resources were estimated based upon results of the 2023 Hycroft TRS, as determined in accordance with the requirements of the Modernization Rules.
Metallurgical and Variability Test Work
During 2022, the Company continued the metallurgical and variability test work necessary for designing a sulfide milling operation. This work will establish: (i) a comprehensive and current understanding of how each geologic domain will perform during operations; and (ii) the processing components and reagents required to optimize gold and silver recoveries. The Company is working with consultants to complete this work and expects to receive all test results inApril 2023 . These results, and results from the 2022-2023 exploration drill program, will be used for designing the mine plan, the type and size of the mill circuit configuration, and the ore haul truck size specifications, among other engineering requirements. Strengthened Balance Sheet During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company completed the following debt and equity activities (discussed in further detail below) that strengthened the Company's balance sheet:
•Raised gross cash proceeds of
•Amended and restated the Sprott Credit Agreement and made a prepayment of
•Amended the Subordinated Notes to extend the debt maturity by two years to
•Entered into a Note Purchase and Sale Agreement, which reduced the outstanding principal amount of 10% Subordinated Notes by$11.1 million in exchange for (i) payment of$5.6 million and (ii) issuance of 500,000 shares of the Company's Class A common stock, par value$0.0001 per share.
•Further reduced the Sprott Credit Agreement principal amount through a
voluntary
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Table of Contents Private Placement OnMarch 14, 2022 , the Company entered into subscription agreements (the "Subscription Agreements" and each a "Subscription Agreement") with each ofAmerican Multi-Cinema, Inc. ("AMC") and 2176423Ontario Limited , an entity affiliated withEric Sprott , (together with AMC, the "Purchasers"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell to the Purchasers, in a private placement, an aggregate of 46,816,480 units ("Units") at a purchase price per Unit of$1.193 , with each Unit consisting of one share of common stock, and one warrant to purchase a share of common stock and the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants (the "Warrant Shares"), providing for a total purchase price of approximately$55.9 million (the "Private Placement"). The Warrants issued in the Private Placement have an exercise price of$1.068 per Warrant Share and will expire five years after issuance. The closing of the sales of securities pursuant to the Subscription Agreements occurred onMarch 15, 2022 for gross proceeds to the Company of approximately$55.9 million before deducting expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement. The Company intends to use the proceeds for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment, refinancing, redemption or repurchase of existing indebtedness, working capital or capital expenditures and other investments, which may include additional technical evaluations and studies, advancement to a pre-feasibility and/or feasibility study and additional targeted exploration for higher grades at theHycroft Mine .
The Subscription Agreement with AMC, as amended, also provided AMC with the right to appoint a director to the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") and the Company agreed to support such director's nomination so long as AMC retains at least 50% of the common stock purchased under the Subscription Agreement with AMC and holds at least 5% of the outstanding voting securities.
As required by the Subscription Agreements, the Company prepared and filed a
resale registration statement with the
Agreement with
OnNovember 10, 2021 , the Company entered into a waiver with Sprott Private Resource Lending II (Collector) (the "Lender") of certain provisions of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effectiveNovember 10, 2021 (the "November 2021 Waiver"). Pursuant to theNovember 2021 Waiver, the Lender permitted the Company to cease active mining operations and to reduce the amount of Unrestricted Cash required to be maintained by the Company from not less than$10.0 million to not less than$9.0 million for the period endingMay 10, 2022 OnFebruary 28, 2022 the Company entered into a waiver and amendment agreement with the Lender (the "February 2022 Waiver and Amendment") amending the previous waiver and required that the Company maintain at least$7.5 million of Unrestricted Cash on the last day ofFebruary 2022 and at least$9.0 million on the last day of each month thereafter during the waiver period, waived all obligations of the Company to prepay the facility with the net cash proceeds of any mill asset sales until the earlier of the date on which the Company completes a private placement or other offering or issuance of its equity securities andMarch 31, 2022 , and extended the payment due date for the February additional interest payment and the February principal payment until the earlier of any such offering date andMarch 31, 2022 . OnMarch 11, 2022 , the Company entered into an agreement (the "March 2022 Sprott Agreement") with the Lender with respect to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as ofMay 29, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Sprott Credit Agreement") among the Company, the Lender, the Guarantors (as defined in the Sprott Credit Agreement) and the other parties thereto. As described in theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement, the Company was contemplating the sale or issuance of its equity securities pursuant to one or more transactions to be completed on or beforeMarch 31, 2022 (the "Equity Financing Transactions"). Pursuant to theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement, if the Equity Financing Transactions resulted (or were likely to result pursuant to definitive subscription underwriting and/or similar legally binding agreements) in the Company's receipt of total gross cash proceeds (before deduction of fees and expenses) of at least$50.0 million on or beforeMarch 31, 2022 (the "Required Equity Amount"), the Lender and the Company were obligated to amend the principal repayment terms under the Sprott Credit Agreement such that no further scheduled payments of principal shall be required prior toMay 31, 2025 (the "Maturity Date") (i.e., there will be no required regular amortization payments of the facility and the full principal balance of the facility shall be due and payable in a single "bullet" payment on the Maturity Date). The consummation of the Private Placement as described under "Private Placement" above satisfied the Required Equity Amount condition in theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement. TheMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement also provided that, in connection with the modification of the required facility amortization payments, the Company shall pay in-kind to the Lender an amount equal to$3.3 million , with such amount to be capitalized and added to the principal amount owing under the Sprott Credit Agreement and accrue interest at the same rate and 44
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Table of Contents upon the same terms as the existing loans under the Sprott Credit Agreement; provided, the payment or prepayment of such capitalized principal amount shall not be subject to the Prepayment Premium (as defined in the Sprott Credit Agreement) or any other penalty or premium.
Second Amendment and Restatement of the Sprott Credit Agreement
OnMarch 14, 2022 , the Company reached an agreement in principle with the Lender to modify the terms of the Sprott Credit Agreement and other applicable loan documents. OnMarch 30, 2022 , the Company and Lender under the Sprott Credit Agreement entered into the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement datedMarch 30, 2022 ("Second A&R Agreement"), which: (i) extended the maturity date for all of the loans and other principal obligations under the Sprott Credit Facility (as such term is defined in the Second A&R Agreement) by two years, toMay 31, 2027 ; (ii) provided for the Company to prepay principal under the Sprott Credit Facility in the amount of$10.0 million promptly upon the Company's receipt of cash proceeds from the Private Placement offering (the "Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment"); (iii) provided for the Company to prepay principal under the Second A&R Agreement in the amount of$13.9 million (representing 10% of the subsequent issuance of its equity interests consummated on or prior toMarch 31, 2022 ) (the "Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments"); and (iv) eliminated the prepayment premiums otherwise payable with respect to the Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment, the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments and all future prepayments of principal under the Sprott Credit Facility. In addition, the Company's obligations: (i) to prepay principal with proceeds of asset sales were credited/offset by the$23.9 million aggregate amount of Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment and the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments; and (ii) to maintain a minimum amount of Unrestricted Cash (as defined in the Second A&R Agreement) was increased to$15.0 million . Pursuant to the agreement in principle, the Company made the Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment of$10.0 million and paid in-kind a$3.3 million fee in connection with the modification and capitalized it to principal onMarch 16, 2022 ; and following the execution of the Second A&R Agreement onMarch 30, 2022 , the Company (i) paid the previously deferred additional interest payment of$0.5 million , and (ii) made the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayment of$13.9 million . After giving effect to such prepayments the outstanding principal balance under the Second A&R Agreement was$57.9 million as ofMarch 31, 2022 (before issuance discounts) including unpaid additional interest of approximately$7.1 million .
At-the-market Offering of Common Shares
OnMarch 15, 2022 , the Company implemented an "at-the-market offering" program ("ATM Program") by entering into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the "Sales Agreement") withB. Riley Securities, Inc. (the "Agent"). Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Company had the right from time to time to or through the Agent, acting as sales agent or principal, to offer and sell shares of the Company's common stock having a gross sales price of up to$500.0 million . The compensation payable to the Agent for sales of shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement was equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price for any shares of common stock sold through the ATM Program by Agent as sales agent under the Sales Agreement. Shares sold under the Sales Agreement, were issued pursuant to the Company's shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-257567) (the "Registration Statement") that theSEC declared effective onJuly 13, 2021 , including the prospectus, datedJuly 13, 2021 , and the prospectus supplement, datedMarch 15, 2022 . OnMarch 25, 2022 , the Company terminated the ATM Program having sold 89,553,584 shares of common stock and generated aggregate gross proceeds before commissions and offering expenses of approximately$138.6 million .
Amendment to the 10% Senior Secured Notes and Note Exchange Agreement
OnMarch 14, 2022 , the Company entered into an amendment to the 10% Senior Secured Notes and Note Exchange Agreement (the "Note Amendment"), with (i) certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company as Guarantors; (ii) holders of the Subordinated Notes, including certain funds affiliated with, or managed by,Mudrick Capital Management , L.P,Whitebox Advisors, LLC ,Highbridge Capital Management, LLC , andAristeia Capital, LLC (collectively, the "Amending Holders"), and (iii)Wilmington Trust, National Association , in its capacity as collateral agent. The Note Amendment amends the Note Exchange Agreement dated as ofJanuary 13, 2020 (the "Note Exchange Agreement") and the Subordinated Notes issued thereunder in order to extend the maturity date of the Subordinated Notes fromDecember 1, 2025 toDecember 1, 2027 . The Note Amendment also removed the requirements that a holder receive the consent of the Company and the other holders in order to transfer any Subordinated Note. The Amending Holders constituted all of the holders of the Subordinated Notes. The Note Amendment became effective upon the closing of the Private Placement Offering upon receipt of$55.9 million gross cash proceeds (before deduction of fees and expenses).
Amendment to the Company's Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
On
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Table of Contents 1,400,000,000 (the "Certificate of Incorporation Amendment") and directed that the Certificate of Incorporation Amendment be submitted for consideration by the stockholders of the Corporation. OnMarch 15, 2022 , AMC, 2176423Ontario Limited , and entities affiliated withMudrick Capital Management LP , who together constituted the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding common stock, approved the Certificate of Incorporation Amendment by written consent. The Certificate of Incorporation Amendment became effective upon filing of the Certificate of Incorporation Amendment with theDelaware Secretary of State onApril 22, 2022 , 20 days after the Company commenced distribution of an Information Statement on Schedule 14C to the stockholders of the Company.
Subordinated Notes Purchase and Sprott Credit Agreement Prepayment
OnNovember 28, 2022 , the Company entered into the Highbridge Agreement with Highbridge whereby the Company agreed to purchase and Highbridge agreed to sell,$11.0 million in aggregate principal amount and$0.2 million in accrued unpaid interest of the Subordinated Notes. The purchase of the Subordinated Notes was completed in two transactions: (i) cash consideration of$5.6 million ; and (ii) the issuance of 500,000 shares of common stock with a grant date fair value of$0.4 million . The purchase of the Subordinated Notes represented a discount of approximately 42% to the face value of the debt.
In addition, the Company prepaid principal in the amount of
COVID-19 The Company has implemented health and safety policies for employees, contractors, and visitors that follow the guidelines published by the CDC and MSHA. During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company's operations faced certain limitations due to COVID-19, however the impact, while negative, did not materially or adversely impact the Company's operations.
2023 Outlook
The Company's current operating plan is to: (i) operate safely as the Company undertakes Phase 2 of its 2022-2023 exploration program; (ii) complete the metallurgical test work associated with the 2021 drill program and variability test work program; (iii) complete the evaluation of results from Phase 1 of the Company's 2022-2023 exploration program; and (iv) advance the POX process development for gold and silver extraction from sulfide ores.
Operations
The following table provides a summary of operating results for theHycroft Mine : Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Ounces recovered - gold (oz) 14,032 57,668 Ounces recovered - silver (oz) 37,281 355,967 Ounces sold - gold (oz) 17,728 56,045 Ounces sold - silver (oz) 44,084 397,546 Average realized sales price - gold ($/oz)$ 1,819 $ 1,794 Average realized sales price - silver ($/oz)$ 22.23
As shown above, ounces recovered and ounces sold decreased during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , compared with the prior year. These decreases reflect the Company's decision to cease mining operations inNovember 2021 . The Company continued to recover gold and silver from the drain down solutions throughAugust 2022 when it was determined that it was no longer economic to continue adding cyanide to the leach pads. The Company recovered the remaining gold and silver ounces from the drain down solutions as ofDecember 31, 2022 . 46
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Table of Contents Results of Operations Revenues Gold revenue
The table below summarizes gold sales, ounces sold and average realized prices for the following periods (dollars in thousands, except per ounce amounts):
Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Gold revenue$ 32,249 $ 100,532 Gold ounces sold 17,728 56,045 Average realized price (per ounce)$ 1,819
During the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021, gold revenue was$32.2 million and$100.5 million , respectively. The significant decrease in revenue during 2022 was attributable to the cessation of mining operations inNovember 2021 . As a result, significantly less ore was under leach during 2022 as compared to 2021. The Company recovered the remaining gold ounces in the drain down solutions as ofDecember 31, 2022 and does not expect to have additional significant Revenues in 2023.
Silver revenue
The table below summarizes silver sales, ounces sold and average realized prices for the following periods (dollars in thousands, except per ounce amounts):
Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Silver revenue$ 980 $ 10,202 Silver ounces sold 44,084 397,546 Average realized price (per ounce)$ 22.23
During the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021, silver revenue was$1.0 million and$10.2 million , respectively. Similar to gold revenue, the decrease in silver revenue during the year ended 2022 was attributable to the cessation of mining activities inNovember 2021 . The Company recovered the remaining silver ounces in the drain down solutions as ofDecember 31, 2022 and does not expect to have additional significant Revenues in 2023.
Total cost of sales
Total cost of sales consists of Production costs, Depreciation and amortization, Mine site period costs and Write-down of inventories. The table below summarizes total cost of sales for the following periods (dollars in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Production costs$ 30,756 $ 102,750 Depreciation and amortization 3,361 8,544 Mine site period costs 13,720 38,166 Asset retirement obligation adjustments 4,701 - Write-down of materials and supplies inventories 1,051 7,990 Write-down of ore on leach pads - 5,888 Total cost of sales$ 53,589 $ 163,338 Production costs For the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company recognized$30.8 million in Production costs, or$1,735 per ounce of gold sold, compared to$102.8 million , respectively, or$1,833 per ounce of gold, sold during the same period of 2021. The 47
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Table of Contents decrease in total Production costs was primarily due to a respective decrease in gold ounces sold of 38,317 ounces as well as a decrease due to the cessation of mining activities in 2021 which resulted in less costs capitalized to inventory and expensed upon sale.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization was$3.4 million , or$190 per ounce of gold sold for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , compared to$8.5 million , or$152 per ounce of gold sold, during the same period of 2021. The decrease in total Depreciation and amortization costs per ounce of gold sold was largely due to a decrease of 38,317 of gold ounces recovered and sold during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 compared to the same period of 2021.
Mine site period costs
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company recorded$13.7 million of Cost of sales for costs related to maintaining and operating theHycroft Mine that do not qualify for capitalization to production-related inventories. During the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Company recorded$38.2 million of Cost of sales for costs that were in excess of the net realizable value per ounce of gold inventories. Such period costs were generally the result of costs related to activities at theHycroft Mine that do not qualify for capitalization to production-related inventories or adjustments to production inventories that were the result of recurring or significant downtime or delays, unusually high levels of repairs, inefficient operations, overuse of processing reagents, inefficient cost-volume structures, or other unusual costs and activities, and cannot be recorded to production-related inventories based on the threshold established by the calculation of the estimated net realizable value per ounce of gold.
Asset retirement obligation adjustments
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company recorded a change in estimate to its Asset Retirement Obligation of$4.7 million . The change in estimate was the result of updated cost assumptions related to regulatory changes, updated assumptions for regulatory changes requiring additional sloping and expected timing of reclamation activities associated with the Crofoot leach pad prior to recommencing operations. In accordance with the change in estimate, the Company recorded an expense of$4.7 million as the Company does not have mineral reserves and accordingly all costs are expensed as incurred.
Write-down of materials and supplies inventories
We recorded a Write-down of materials and supplies inventories of$1.1 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 for obsolete and slow-moving materials and supplies inventories. The Company evaluates its materials and supplies inventories and records write-downs for items not expected to be used in the next 12 months.
We recorded a Write-down of materials and supplies inventories of
•A write-down of Inventories of$5.9 million for obsolete and slow-moving materials and supplies inventories. As a result of ceasing mining operations, it was determined that certain materials and supplies were not expected to be used in the next 12 months and, accordingly, a reserve was placed against these items. •A loss of$2.1 million related to a firm purchase commitment for crusher liners that the Company agreed to purchase under consignment over a period of three years beginning inAugust 2020 . This loss relates to the unfulfilled commitment obligation and has been reduced to reflect the Company's negotiated settlement with the supplier.
Write-down of ore on leach pads
We recorded a write-down of the non-current portion of Ore on leach pads of$5.9 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 that included$5.5 million for Production costs and$0.4 million of capitalized depreciation and amortization costs related to 3,612 ounces of gold contained in the over liner material on the new larger leach pad which the Company began constructing in 2020. As the 2022 Hycroft TRS did not include mineral reserves, it was determined that the recoverability of these ounces was dependent upon additional work and technical studies and, as a result, it was determined that the ounces and related capitalized amounts should be written-off. 48
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Table of Contents General and administrative General and administrative totaled$14.4 million and$14.6 million , respectively, during the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021. The decrease of$0.3 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 was primarily due to decreases in salary and compensation costs, including fees paid to our Directors of$1.1 million due to a decrease in headcount after ceasing operations inNovember 2021 , that was partially offset by an increase in legal and consulting fees of$0.8 million as the Company recorded settlement expense of$1.5 million related to a financial advisor that was partially offset by reduced legal fees of$0.6 million .
Projects, exploration, and development
During the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021, Projects, exploration, and development costs totaled$18.4 million and$13.6 million , respectively. Projects, exploration, and development were related to: (i) completing technical studies; (ii) conducting geological studies; (iii) oversight and project management; and (iv) exploration drilling, engineering, and metallurgical activities. The increase of$4.8 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 was primarily the result of Phase 1 of the 2022-2023 exploration program discussed above compared to drilling costs during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 related to exploration drilling completed during the 2021 drilling program.
Write-off of deposit
During the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Company determined that additional equipment was no longer expected to be purchased under the current mine plan. Accordingly, a full reserve was applied against the$0.9 million deposit previously paid by the Company to an equipment supplier. See Note 5 - Prepaids and Other, Net to the Notes to the Financial Statements for further detail.
Accretion
We recorded$0.4 million of Accretion during both of the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021, which related to our Asset retirement obligation and future reclamation costs. See Note 13 - Asset Retirement Obligation to the Notes to the Financial Statements for further detail.
Impairment loss on assets held for sale
We did not record Impairment loss on assets held for sale for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 as the Company estimated the fair value of the Assets held for sale and determined that the fair value estimate exceeded the carrying value. We recorded$1.8 million of Impairment loss on assets held for sale during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , as the Company determined that the carrying value of its Assets held for sale exceeded the estimated fair value. See Note 7 - Assets Held For Sale to the Notes to the Financial Statements for further detail.
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest
As discussed and detailed in Note 10 - Debt, Net, Interest expense, net of capitalized interest to the Notes to the Financial Statements totaled$18.5 million and$20.6 million , respectively, during the years endedDecember 31, 2022 and 2021. The decrease of$2.1 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 was the result of a decrease in the outstanding obligation for the Sprott Credit Agreement as the Company repaid portions of the balance inMarch 2022 andNovember 2022 . This decrease was offset by an increase in the balance outstanding on the Subordinated Notes atDecember 31, 2022 as compared to the same periods in 2021. The higher outstanding balance for the Subordinated Notes was due to quarterly interest payments that are paid in-kind as additional indebtedness. Additionally, the Company capitalized interest of$0.7 million during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 to its leach pad construction. The Company ceased construction on the new leach pad inFebruary 2021 and, as a result, no further interest was capitalized.
Interest income
Interest income totaled$2.3 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 . InJuly 2022 , the Company invested a portion of its cash balances in AAAm ratedU.S. Government Money Market Funds that are readily convertible to cash. These investments earned the Company$1.9 million in interest during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 . In addition, the Company began earning interest on a portion of its Restricted cash balances inJune 2022 . The Company has earned$0.4 million on its Restricted cash sinceJune 2022 . 49
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Gain on extinguishment of debt
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company recognized a Gain on extinguishment of debt of$5.0 million related to the purchase of$11.1 million of the Subordinated Notes (such amount included accrued interest of$0.2 million ) in two transactions: (i) the Company paid cash consideration of$5.6 million ; and (ii) the Company issued 500,000 shares of common stock with a grant date fair value of$0.4 million . In addition, the Company paid$0.1 million in legal fees. Total consideration, including legal fees, of$6.1 million was paid which represented a discount of approximately 42% to the face value of the debt.
Fair value adjustments to warrants
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Fair value adjustments to warrants resulted in a non-cash gain of$0.2 million , as the market trading values of the publicly listed warrants decreased during the period. During the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Fair value adjustments to warrants resulted in a non-cash gain of$14.4 million , as the market trading values of the publicly listed warrants decreased, which was primarily due to a decrease in the underlying trading price of the common stock.
See Note 12 - Warrant Liabilities to the Notes to the Financial Statements for further detail.
Gain (loss) on sale of equipment and materials and supplies inventories, net of commissions
The Company recognized a Gain on sale of equipment and supplies, net of commissions of$3.9 million for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 . Subsequent to ceasing mining operations inNovember 2021 , the Company implemented an asset recovery program in order to monetize non-core assets and excess materials and supplies inventories. In addition, the Company sold an uninstalled regrind mill and ball mill that are not expected to be needed for a future milling operation. In conjunction with the sale of the ball mill, the Company paid commissions of$1.1 million to an equipment broker.
Income taxes
The Company incurred Nil net Income tax benefit or expense for the year endedDecember 31, 2022 . During the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Company recorded an Income tax benefit of$1.5 million which was the result of the Company carrying back its net operating losses to periods that the Company paid income tax prior to the Recapitalization Transaction. The Company has not recorded any future Income tax benefit for net losses, due to a full valuation allowance recorded against the net operating loss carryforward. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") imposes limitations on the use ofU.S. federal net operating losses ("NOLs") upon a more than 50% change in ownership in the Company (as defined in the IRC) within a three-year period. In connection with its at-the-market equity offering, the Company underwent a Section 382 ownership change onMarch 25, 2022 . As a result, utilization of the Company's NOLs and certain unrealized losses are limited on an annual basis. If the Section 382 annual limitation amount is not fully utilized in a particular tax year, then the unused portion from that tax year is added to the Section 382 annual limitation in subsequent years. The Company's annual limitation under Section 382 is estimated to be approximately$1.3 million .
For additional details, see Note 17 - Income Taxes to the Notes to the Financial Statements.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
The Company's unrestricted cash position atDecember 31, 2022 was$142.0 million as compared with$12.3 million atDecember 31, 2021 . As discussed in Note 14 - Stockholders' Equity in the Notes to the Financial Statements, the Company raised gross proceeds of approximately$194.4 million inMarch 2022 , before deduction of commissions and expenses, through the following equity financings: •OnMarch 14, 2022 , the Company entered into the Subscription Agreements with AMC and 2176423Ontario Limited pursuant to which the Company sold onMarch 15, 2022 an aggregate of 46,816,480 units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock, at a purchase price of$1.193 per unit for total gross proceeds, before deduction of fees and expenses, of$55.9 million . •OnMarch 15, 2022 , the Company implemented the ATM Program. OnMarch 25, 2022 , the Company terminated the ATM Program and announced that it had sold 89,553,584 shares of common stock under the ATM Program and generated aggregate gross proceeds before commissions and offering expenses of approximately$138.6 million . •In order to amend the Sprott Credit Agreement to facilitate these financings and extend the maturity of this agreement, the Company prepaid$23.9 million inMarch 2022 . In late 2021 and early 2022, to avoid potential non-compliance with the Sprott Credit Agreement, the Company obtained a series of waivers and entered into amendments to the Sprott Credit Agreement. See Debt Covenants below and Note 10 - Debt, Net in the Notes to the Financial Statements for information regarding additional waivers received and modifications to the Sprott Credit Agreement, including the Second A&R Agreement. As the Company completed recovering gold and silver ounces previously placed on the leach pad in 2022, the Company does not expect to generate net positive cash for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the Company will be dependent on its unrestricted cash and other sources of cash to fund the business. Historically, the Company has been dependent on various forms of debt and equity financing to fund its business. While the Company has been successful in the past raising funds through equity and debt financings, no assurance can be given that additional financing will be available to it in amounts sufficient to meet the Company's needs or on terms acceptable to the Company. In the event that funds are not available, the Company may be required to materially change its business plan. The Company's future liquidity and capital resources management strategy entails a disciplined approach to monitor the timing and extent of any drilling, metallurgical and mineralogical studies while attempting to remain in a position that allows the Company to respond to changes in the business environment, such as a decrease in metal prices or lower than forecasted future cash flows, and changes in other factors beyond the Company's control. The Company has undertaken efforts aimed at managing its liquidity and preserving its capital resources by, among other things: (i) monitoring metal prices and the impacts (near-term and future) they have on the business and cash flows; (ii) ceasing open pit mining operations to reduce net cash outflows; (iii) reducing the size of the workforce to reflect the cessation of mining operations; (iv) controlling working capital and managing discretionary spending; (v) reviewing contractor usage and rental agreements for more economic options, including termination of certain agreements in accordance with their terms; (vi) decreasing Restricted Cash balances that collateralize bonds, as available; and (vii) planning the timing and amounts of capital expenditures and drilling, metallurgical and mineralogical study costs at theHycroft Mine and deferring such items that are not expected to benefit our near term operating plans. The Company has undertaken and continues to undertake additional efforts including: (i) monetizing non-core fixed assets and excess materials and supplies inventories; (ii) returning excess rental and leased equipment; (iii) selling uninstalled mills that are not expected to be needed for a future milling operation; and (iv) working with existing debt holders to adjust debt service requirements. In addition, the Company will continue to evaluate alternatives to raise additional capital necessary to fund the future development of theHycroft Mine and will continue to explore other strategic initiatives to enhance stockholder value. Cash and liquidity The Company has placed substantially all its cash in operating and investment accounts with well-capitalized financial institutions, thereby ensuring balances remain readily available. The Company uses AAAm ratedU.S. Government Money Market Funds for its cash investments. Due to the nature of its operations and the composition of current assets, Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, Income tax receivable and Assets held-for-sale represent substantially all of the liquid assets on hand. 51
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The following table summarizes projected sources of future liquidity, as recorded within the Financial Statements (dollars in thousands):
December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Cash $ 141,984 $ 12,342 Accounts receivable 2,771 - Income tax receivable 1,530 1,530 Metal inventories(1) - 6,693 Ore on leach pads(1) - 10,106 Assets held-for-sale, net of payments received of$1.1 million (2) 6,098 11,558 Total projected sources of future liquidity $ 152,383 $ 42,229 (1)As ofDecember 31, 2022 , the Company had recovered all estimated gold and silver ounces previously placed on the leach pads and sold all remaining metal inventories. See Note 3 - Inventories and Ore on Leach Pads to the Notes to the Financial Statements for additional information. (2)InAugust 2022 , the Company entered into an Equipment Purchase Agreement, as amended to sell one ball mill and one semi-autogenous ("SAG") mill, and amended that agreement inDecember 2022 to also sell a sub-station transformer for a total of$13.6 million of which the Company has received payments totaling$1.1 million . Under the terms of the agreement, the final payment for the ball mill and SAG mill was dueDecember 31, 2022 and the buyer was permitted to extend the payment of all or any portion of the final payment of$12.5 million up to and includingJune 30, 2023 provided that the buyer pays the Company interest at a rate of 5% per annum on any outstanding balance for the ball mill and SAG mill fromJanuary 1, 2023 throughMarch 31, 2023 and 7.5% per annum on any outstanding balance fromApril 1, 2023 untilJune 30, 2023 .
Year ended
The following table summarizes sources and uses of cash for the following periods (dollars in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Net loss$ (60,828) $ (88,564) Net non-cash adjustments 16,304 30,829 Net change in operating assets and liabilities 9,669 20,697 Net cash used in operating activities (34,855) (37,038) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 8,337 (6,873) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 155,849 (5,494) Net increase (decrease) in cash 129,331 (49,405)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
46,635 96,040 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$ 175,966 $ 46,635
Cash used in operating activities
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , the Company used$34.9 million of cash in operating activities primarily attributable to a net loss of$60.8 million , the cash impact of which was equal to$39.5 million , and$9.7 million was provided by working capital, which included a$15.8 million decrease for production-related inventories as the Company processed the remaining gold and silver ore on its leach pads and in its drain down solutions, which was partly offset by cash used to reduce Accounts payable of$3.8 million . The largest non-cash items included in net loss during the year endedDecember 31, 2022 included a$5.0 million Gain on extinguishment of debt, Non-cash portion of interest expense of$13.1 million and Asset retirement obligation adjustments of$4.7 million . For the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Company used$37.0 million of cash in operating activities primarily attributable to a net loss of$88.6 million , the cash impact of which was equal to$57.7 million , and$20.7 million provided by working capital, which included$29.0 million used to increase production-related inventories. The largest non-cash items included in net income during the year endedDecember 31, 2021 included Impairment charges and write-downs of$17.3 million related to the Write-down of inventories, Write-down of non-current ore on leach pads, Write-down of deposits and Impairment on equipment not in use, a$14.4 million gain from Fair value adjustments to warrants and Non-cash portion of interest expense of$16.8 million . 52
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Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , investing activities provided cash of$8.3 million primarily from the sale of assets previously held for sale, for net proceeds of$6.6 million and other mobile mine equipment and materials and supplies for net proceeds of$2.7 million . In addition, the Company purchased equipment of$1.0 million . For the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , the Company used$6.9 million in investing activities which primarily related to expenditures of (i)$2.7 million for purchased equipment and refurbishments; (ii)$2.5 million spent for the leach pad expansion project (which excludes$0.7 million of capitalized interest) to complete construction to the appropriate point in which we believe there would be minimal risk of adverse impacts to the leach pad.
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
During the year endedDecember 31, 2022 , cash provided by financing activities of$155.8 million was primarily related to the equity offerings completed during the period: (i) the Private Placement offering completed onMarch 15, 2022 for net cash proceeds of$55.4 million , and (ii) the ATM Program completed onMarch 25, 2022 for net cash proceeds of$133.5 million . These amounts were offset by prepayments under the Sprott Credit Agreement of$25.0 million , Additional Interest (which is classified as debt) payments under the Sprott Credit Agreement of$2.2 million , the purchase of$11.1 million Subordinated Notes for$5.6 million and payments on equipment notes payables of$0.1 million .
During the year ended
Future capital and cash requirements
The following table provides the Company's gross contractual cash obligations as ofDecember 31, 2022 , which are grouped in the same manner as they are classified in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in order to provide a better understanding of the nature of the obligations and to provide a basis for comparison to historical information. The Company believes that the following provides the most meaningful presentation of near-term obligations expected to be satisfied using current and available sources of liquidity (dollars in thousands): Payments Due by Period Less than 1 - 3 3 - 5 More than Total 1 Year Years Years 5 Years Operating activities: Net smelter royalty(1)$ 240,506 $ 6 $ - $ -$ 240,500 Remediation and reclamation expenditures(2) 76,795 - 4,717 4,890 67,188 Interest payments(3) 18,925 4,288 12,865 1,772 - Crofoot Royalty(4) 4,495 151 - - 4,344 Financing activities: Repayments of debt principal(3) 153,479 127 205 153,147 - Additional interest payments(5) 5,499 2,200 3,299 - - Total$ 499,699 $ 6,772 $ 21,086 $ 159,809 $ 312,032 (1)Under the Sprott Royalty Agreement, the Company is required to pay a perpetual royalty equal to 1.5% of the Net Smelter Returns from theHycroft Mine , payable monthly that also includes an additional amount for withholding taxes payable by the royalty holder. Amounts presented above incorporate mineral resource estimates as reported in the 2023 Hycroft TRS and are based on consensus pricing for gold and silver. See Note 11 - Deferred Gain on Sale of Royalty to the Notes to the Financial Statements for additional information. (2)Mining operations are subject to extensive environmental regulations in the jurisdictions in which they are conducted and we are required, upon cessation of operations, to reclaim and remediate the lands that our operations have disturbed. The estimated undiscounted and inflated cash outflows of these remediation and reclamation obligations are reflected here. In the above presentation, no offset has been applied for the$58.3 million of our reclamation bonds or for the$34.0 million of cash collateral for those bonds included in Restricted Cash.
(3)Repayments of principal on debt consists of amounts due under the Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement), the Subordinated Notes and notes payable for equipment purchases. Included in the repayment of the Subordinated Notes principal is interest that has been capitalized as payable in-kind on a quarterly basis, and on a monthly basis for the Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement) for the first 12 months after the initial advance. Also included in the repayment
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Table of Contents of the Sprott Credit Agreement is the$3.3 million fee that has been capitalized as payable in-kind in connection with the Second A&R Agreement. See Note 10 - Debt, Net to the Notes to the Financial Statements for additional information. (4)The Company is required to pay a 4% net profits royalty, including advance royalty payments of$120,000 in any year where mining occurs on the Crofoot claims and an additional$120,000 if tons mined from the Crofoot claim blocks exceed 5.0 million tons ("Crofoot Royalty"). See Note 23 - Commitments and Contingencies to the Notes to the Financial Statements for additional information. Amounts shown represent the current estimates of cash payment timing using consensus pricing for gold and silver. (5)Additional interest payments consist of repayments of additional interest under the Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement), commencingFebruary 28, 2021 (with the first cash payment due three months after such date) and ending on the maturity date. See Note 10 - Debt, Net to the Notes to the Financial Statements for additional information. In addition, the Company may enter into service agreements from time-to-time with drilling contractors or other consultants to perform work on or related to theHycroft Mine . In general, these agreements are on an as-needed basis and do not have ongoing commitments and, as such, have not been included in the table above/ Debt covenants The Company's debt agreements contain representations and warranties, events of default, restrictions and limitations, reporting requirements, and covenants that are customary for agreements of these types. The Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement) contains covenants that, among other things, restrict or limit the ability of the Company to enter into encumbrances (other than Permitted Encumbrances), incur indebtedness (other than Permitted Indebtedness), dispose of its assets (other than Permitted Disposals), pay dividends, and purchase or redeem shares, as such terms are defined in the Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement). The Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement) requires the Company to ensure that, at all times, both its Working Capital and Unrestricted Cash is at least$15.0 million and its Working Capital is at least$10.0 million , as such terms are defined in the Sprott Credit Agreement (as amended by the Second A&R Agreement), and that at least every six months the Company demonstrates its ability to repay and meet all present and future obligations as they become due with a financial model that uses consensus gold prices discounted by 5.0%. The Subordinated Notes include customary events of default, including those relating to a failure to pay principal or interest, a breach of a covenant, representation or warranty, a cross-default to other indebtedness, and non-compliance with security documents. As ofDecember 31, 2022 , the Company was in compliance with all covenants under its debt agreements. OnFebruary 28, 2022 , the Company entered into theFebruary 2022 Waiver and Amendment with the Lender amending theNovember 2021 Waiver. Pursuant to theFebruary 2022 Waiver and Amendment, the Lender: (i) waived the Company's obligation under the Sprott Credit Agreement (as then amended in 2020) to maintain at least$9.0 million of Unrestricted Cash on the last day of each calendar month during the period endingMay 10, 2022 (the "Waiver Period"), provided that, the Company maintained at least$7.5 million of Unrestricted Cash on the last day ofFebruary 2022 and at least$9.0 million on the last day of each month thereafter during the Waiver Period; (ii) waived all obligations of the Company to prepay the facility with the net cash proceeds of any Mill Asset Sales (as defined in theFebruary 2022 Waiver and Amendment) until the earlier of: (a) the date on which the Company completes a private placement or other offering or issuance of its equity securities (the "Offering Date"); and (b)March 31, 2022 ; and (iii) extended the payment due date for the additional February interest payment and the February principal payment until the earlier of: (a) the Offering Date; and (b)March 31, 2022 . Further, pursuant to theFebruary 2022 Waiver and Amendment, any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of the preceding sentence would constitute an immediate Event of Default under the Credit Agreement. OnMarch 11, 2022 , the Company entered into theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement with the Lender with respect to the Sprott Credit Agreement. As described in theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement, the Company was contemplating Equity Financing Transactions to be completed on or beforeMarch 31, 2022 . Pursuant to theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement, if the Equity Financing Transactions result (or were likely to result pursuant to definitive subscription underwriting and/or similar legally binding agreements) in the Company's receipt of total gross cash proceeds (before deduction of fees and expenses) of the Required Equity Amount on or beforeMarch 31, 2022 , the Lender and the Company were obligated to amend the principal repayment terms under the Sprott Credit Agreement such that no further scheduled payments of principal shall be required prior toMay 31, 2025 (the "Maturity Date") (i.e., there will be no required regular amortization payments of the facility and the full principal balance of the facility shall be due and payable in a single "bullet" payment on the Maturity Date). The consummation of the Private Placement satisfied the Required Equity Amount condition in theMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement. TheMarch 2022 Sprott Agreement also provided that, in connection with the modification of the required facility amortization payments, the Company shall pay to the Lender an amount equal to$3.3 million , with such payment to be capitalized and added to the principal amount owing under the Sprott Credit Agreement and accrue interest at the same rate and upon the same terms as the existing loans under the Sprott Credit Agreement; provided, the payment or prepayment of such 54
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capitalized principal amount shall not be subject to the Prepayment Premium (as defined in the Sprott Credit Agreement) or any other penalty or premium.
OnMarch 14, 2022 , the Company reached an agreement in principle with the Lender to modify the terms of the Sprott Credit Agreement and other applicable loan documents. OnMarch 30, 2022 , the Company and Lender under the Sprott Credit Agreement entered into the Second A&R Agreement, which: (a) extended the maturity date for all of the loans and other principal obligations under the Sprott Credit Facility by two years, toMay 31, 2027 ; (b) provided for the Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment in the amount of$10.0 million promptly upon the Company's receipt of cash proceeds from the Private Placement; (c) provided for the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments in the amount of$13.9 million (representing 10% of the subsequent issuance of its equity interests consummated on or prior toMarch 31, 2022 ); and (d) eliminated the prepayment premiums otherwise payable with respect to the Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment, the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments and all future prepayments of principal under the Sprott Credit Facility. In addition, the Company's obligations to: (i) prepay principal with proceeds of asset sales were credited/offset by the$23.9 million aggregate amount of Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment and the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayments; and (ii) to maintain a minimum amount of Unrestricted Cash was increased to$15.0 million . Pursuant to the agreement in principle, the Company made the Initial Equity Proceeds Prepayment of$10.0 million and paid in kind a$3.3 million fee in connection with the modification and capitalized it to principal onMarch 16, 2022 and following the execution of the Second A&R Agreement onMarch 30, 2022 , the Company: (i) paid the previously deferred additional interest payment of$0.5 million ; and (ii) made the Subsequent Equity Proceeds Prepayment of$13.9 million . In addition, inNovember 2022 , the Company prepaid an additional principal amount of$1.1 million for the Sprott Credit Agreement. After giving effect to such prepayments discussed above, the outstanding principal balance under the Second A&R Agreement was as ofDecember 31, 2022 to be$55.2 million (before issuance discounts) including unpaid additional interest of approximately$5.5 million .
Off-balance sheet arrangements
As ofDecember 31, 2022 , the Company's off-balance sheet arrangements consisted of a net profit royalty arrangement and a net smelter royalty arrangement (see Note 23 - Commitments and Contingencies to the Notes to the Financial Statements). 55
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The following accounting pronouncements were adopted by the Company during the
year ended
InAugust 2020 , the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity ("ASU 2020-06"). ASU 2020-06 simplifies guidance on accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity's own equity including calculating diluted earnings per share. For emerging growth companies, the new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning afterDecember 15, 2022 . The Company early adopted ASU 2020-06 as ofJanuary 1, 2022 , with no material impact on its financial statements or the related disclosures. In December of 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"), as part as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Amendments include removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740, Income Taxes and simplification in several other areas such as accounting for a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. For emerging growth companies, the new guidance was effective for annual periods beginning afterDecember 15, 2021 and the Company adopted ASU 2019-12 as ofJanuary 1, 2022 , with no material impact on its financial statements or the related disclosures. InMay 2021 , the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer's Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options (a consensus of theFASB Emerging Issues Task Force ). ASU 2021-04 clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer's accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (e.g., warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. ASU 2021-04 provides guidance that will clarify whether an issuer should account for a modification or an exchange of a freestanding equity-classified written call option that remains equity classified after modification or exchange as (i) an adjustment to equity and, if so, the related earnings per share effects, if any, or (ii) an expense and, if so, the manner and pattern of recognition. For emerging growth companies, the new guidance was effective for annual periods beginning afterDecember 15, 2021 and the Company adopted ASU 2021-04 as ofJanuary 1, 2022 , with no material impact on its financial statements or the related disclosures.
Critical Accounting Estimates
MD&A is based on our Financial Statements, that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these statements requires us to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts. We base our assumptions and estimates on historical experience and various other sources that we believe to be reasonable at the time our estimates are made. Actual results may differ from amounts estimated in these statements, and such difference could be material. As such, future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty. Although other estimates are used in preparing our financial statements, we believe that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. For information on all of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the Notes to the Financial Statements.
Impairment of long-lived assets
Estimate Required:
Our long-lived assets consist of Plant and equipment, net. We review and evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Events that may trigger a test for recoverability include, but are not limited to, significant adverse changes to projected Revenues, costs, or future expansion plans or changes to federal and state regulations (with which we must comply) that may adversely impact our current or future operations. An impairment is determined to exist if the total projected future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of a long-lived asset group. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the excess carrying value of the impaired long-lived asset group over fair value. To determine fair value, we used a market-based approach for determining fair value based on sales transactions of comparable assets. Assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups. Our estimates of future cash flows from the potential sale of our assets are based on numerous assumptions that are consistent or reasonable in relation to transactions occurring in the market 56
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and actual future cash flows may be significantly different than the estimates as each are each subject to significant risks and uncertainties.
Impact of Change in Estimate:
The estimates and assumptions used to determine the fair value of our long-lived assets as ofDecember 31, 2022 were based on sales transactions of comparable assets. We compared the$113.0 million estimated fair value, after allocating the fair value to other assets and liabilities, to the carrying value of our Plant and equipment, net of$54.8 million , and given the large surplus between the estimated fair value of the Company and the carrying value of our Plant and equipment, net a change in the estimates used in the mark-based approach would be unlikely to result in an impairment as ofDecember 31, 2022 .
Asset retirement obligation
Estimate Required:
We will be required to perform reclamation activity at theHycroft Mine in the future. As a result of this requirement, an Asset retirement obligation has been recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets that is based on our expectation of the costs that will be incurred years in the future. Any underestimate or unanticipated reclamation costs or any changes in governmental reclamation requirements could require us to record or incur additional reclamation costs. We accrue an Asset retirement obligation when they become known, are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Whenever a previously unrecognized Asset retirement obligation becomes known, or a previously estimated reclamation cost is increased or decreased, the amount of that liability and any additional cost will be recorded at that time and could materially reduce our consolidated net income attributable to stockholders.
Impact of Change in Estimate:
Based on the proposed 34-year mine plan which was the basis of our operations when we ceased mining activities inNovember 2021 , and which we believe remains the best estimate for the life of mine, the Company expects to perform substantially all of its reclamation activities beginning in 2047 upon the estimated closure of theHycroft Mine . In addition, the Company expects to perform reclamation activities for its Crofoot heap leach pad beginning in 2026 and continuing through 2028. If the reclamation activities expected to be performed upon closure of theHycroft Mine were to begin ten years earlier or later than currently assumed our reclamation liability would increase or decrease by approximately$3.7 million and$1.7 million , respectively. Adjustments may occur due to a change in estimate due to timing, costs assumptions, or regulatory requirements.
Warrant liabilities
Estimate Required:
We account for the 5-Year Private Warrants to purchase shares of our common stock that are not indexed to our own stock as liabilities at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The warrants are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of Other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. We will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value of the 5-Year Private Warrants until the earlier of the (i) exercise or expiration of the 5-Year Private Warrants or (ii) the transfer of any 5-Year Private Warrants to any person who is not a permitted transferee, at which time the applicable Warrant liabilities will be extinguished. The terms of the 5-Year Private Warrants are substantially identical to the 5-Year Public Warrants except the 5-Year Private Warrants, while held by theSPAC sponsor and/orSPAC underwriter and their permitted transferees, are precluded from mandatory redemption and are entitled to exercise on a cashless bases at the holder's election. Accordingly, we use a Black-Scholes model with an appropriate estimate of volatility considering volatility of the 5-Year Public Warrants and using a Monte Carlo simulation model to incorporate the redemption and cashless exercise features in the 5-Year Private Warrants. Increases (decreases) in the assumptions result in a directionally similar impact to the fair value of the Warrant liabilities.
Impact of Change in Estimate:
A
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