Targovax ASA announced the first set of clinical results from the randomized phase I/II trial of ONCOS-102 in combination with standard of care chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The trial is an open label, exploratory phase I/II adding ONCOS-102 to standard of care (SoC) chemotherapy(pemetrexed/cisplatin) in first and second (or later) line MPM to assess safety, immune activation and clinical efficacy of the combination treatment. In total, 31 patients have been enrolled in the randomized trial design, with 20 patients in the experimental group receiving the ONCOS-102 and SoC combination, and 11 patients in a control group receiving SoC only. All patients have completed the treatment phase (4 months for the control group and 5 months for the experimental group) and the first data have been analyzed. The combination treatment with ONCOS-102 and SoC was well tolerated, with no safety signals beyond what is expected from SoC alone. Early data show median Progression Free Survival (mPFS) of 8.4 months (95% CI 2.0, NA) in the experimental group vs 6.8 months (95% CI 2.6, NA) in the control group. In first line patients, the mPFS was 8.9 months (n=11; 95% CI 2.1, NA) vs 6.8 months (n=6; 95% CI 2.6, NA), respectively. This compares favorably to historical control, which have reported mPFS of 5.7-7.3 months (Vogelzang 2003, Ceresoli 2006, Zalcman 2016). Although the mPFS is encouraging, many patients are still censored. Therefore, the results should be considered as emerging and will change over time. The patients continue to be followed, and updated PFS figures will be reported later in 1H20. Overall Response Rate (ORR) and Best Overall Response Rate (BORR) in first line patients have been in the range of 20-40% in previously published studies (Vogelzang 2003, Hazarika 2005, Ceresoli 2006, Zalcman 2016), but proven a poor predictor of survival outcomes. The first line ORR and Disease Control Rate (DCR) in this trial were 30% and 90% in the experimental group (n=10, measured at 5 months), and 33% and 83% in the control group (n=6, measured at 4 months). For second (or later) line patients, ORR /DCR were 11% /67% in the experimental group (n=9) and 60% /80% in the control group (n=5). The unexpected control group ORR of 60% is far above previous results and experience in clinical practice. Due to the relatively small sample size none of the above data reach statistical significance.