Ravindranath Akhoury

Latin American Discovery Fund, Inc. is a closed-end investment fund. Its investment objective is to seek long-term capital appreciation through investments primarily in equity securities of Latin American issuers and by investing, from time to time, in debt securities issued or guaranteed by a Latin American government or governmental entity. The company was founded on November 12, 1991 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

MacKay Shields LLC is a registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The original predecessor to the firm, MacKay-Shields Economics, was founded in 1938 as an economic consulting firm and it became MacKay Shields Financial Corp. (MSFC) in 1969. In 1984, MSFC was purchased by New York Life Insurance Co. (NYLIC). NYLIC established New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC (NYLIM Holdings) in 1999 and transferred ownership of MSFC to NYLIM Holdings. In 1999, MSFC was converted to MacKay Shields LLC. The ownership, control and management of MacKay Shields did not change as a result of this conversion. The firm is wholly owned by NYLIM Holdings, which is wholly-owned by NYLIC. MacKay Shields provides discretionary investment management services primarily to institutional clients. The firm is a signatory of the United Nation Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

Putnam Managed Municipal Income Trust is a closed-end management investment company, which engages in investing in healthcare, education, industrials, and housing sectors. The company was founded in 1937 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Putnam Master Intermediate Income Trust operates as a closed-end investment fund and trust. Its objective is to provide high current income and relative stability of net asset value. The company was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Putnam Municipal Opportunities Trust, is a closed-end investment fund and investment trust that provides current income free from federal income tax. The company was founded on May 28, 1993 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Putnam Premier Income Trust is a closed-end management investment company. Its investment objective is to seek high current income consistent with the preservation of capital. The company was founded on February 29, 1988 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

New York Life Investment Management LLC (NYLIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2000 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC, ultimately held by New York Life Insurance Co. NYLIM provides a broad array of investment advisory services to affiliated insurance company clients, third-party institutional clients, investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and wrap fee programs sponsored by unaffiliated entities.

English Helper, Inc. provides software that helps people improve English proficiency. Its products include ReadToMe, firefly, Helper Seriesm and WritingAssistant. The firm's products improve fluency in spoken English, enhance reading skills and comprehension, enrich vocabulary and help learn to write better. The company was founded by Venkat Srinivasan in June 2009 and is headquartered in Dedham, MA.