Selected statements contained in this "Item 2. - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" constitute "forward-looking statements" as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based, in whole or in part, on management's beliefs, estimates, assumptions and currently available information. For a more detailed discussion of what constitutes a forward-looking statement and of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements, please refer to the "Safe Harbor Statement" in the beginning of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and "Part I - Item 1A. - Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedMay 31, 2020 . Unless otherwise indicated, all Note references contained in this Part I - Item 2. refer to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in "Part I - Item 1. - Financial Statements" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this "Form 10-Q"). Introduction The following discussion and analysis of market and industry trends, business developments, and the results of operations and financial position ofWorthington Industries, Inc. , together with its subsidiaries (collectively, "we," "our," "Worthington," or the "Company"), should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in "Part I - Item 1. - Financial Statements" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year endedMay 31, 2020 ("fiscal 2020") includes additional information about Worthington, our operations and our consolidated financial position and should be read in conjunction with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As ofNovember 30, 2020 , excluding our joint ventures, we operated 23 manufacturing facilities worldwide, principally in two operating segments, which correspond with our reportable business segments: Steel Processing and Pressure Cylinders. As ofNovember 30, 2020 , we held equity positions in nine joint ventures, which operated 47 manufacturing facilities worldwide. Four of these joint ventures are consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture member(s) shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and their portions of net earnings (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), respectively. The remaining five of these joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.
Overview
The Company generated a net loss of$74.0 million , or$(1.40) per share, in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 driven largely by a net pre-tax loss of$148.4 million , or$(2.18) per share, related to the Company's investment in Nikola Corporation ("Nikola"), as discussed under Recent Business Developments below. Operating income for the current quarter was$37.4 million , an increase of$5.3 million over the prior year quarter. The impact of higher gross margin and lower SG&A expense was partially offset by$11.4 million of impairment and restructuring charges and$4.6 million of profit sharing and bonus expenses related to the Nikola investment gains. Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates ("equity income") for the current quarter decreased$21.7 million from the comparable prior year quarter, as the prior year quarter includes a$23.1 million pre-tax gain related to the sale of WAVE's international operations. Excluding the gain in the prior year quarter, equity income increased$1.4 million , primarily due to higher contributions from Serviacero Worthington. We received cash distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures of$30.2 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2021.
Recent Business Developments
• In
business, including the
was$21.2 million , resulting in a pre-tax loss of$7.1 million within restructuring and other expense (income), net.
• During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a combined
pre-tax loss of
investment in Nikola, comprised of
loss, resulting from the
and
investment gain. At quarter end, the Company owned 7,048,020 shares of Nikola common stock. For additional information, refer to "NOTE C - Investment in Nikola".
• During the first six months of fiscal 2021,
repurchased a total of 2,318,464 of its common shares for
an average price of$40.06 . 23
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Market & Industry Overview
We sell our products and services to a diverse customer base and a broad range of end markets. The breakdown of net sales by end market for the second quarter of each of fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 is illustrated in the following chart:
Consolidated
Industrial 19% 14% Con [[Image Removed]]sumer products 11% 10% Construction 5%
4% Agriculture 3% 4% Oil & gas 7% 14% Other FY21 Q1 FY20 Q1
The automotive industry is one of the largest consumers of flat-rolled steel, and thus the largest end market for our Steel Processing operating segment. Approximately 58% of Steel Processing's net sales are to the automotive market. North American vehicle production, primarily by Ford, General Motors andFCA US (the "Detroit Three automakers"), has a considerable impact on the activity within this operating segment. The majority of the net sales of three of our unconsolidated joint ventures are also to the automotive market. Approximately 18% of the net sales of our Steel Processing operating segment are to the construction market. The construction market is also the predominant end market for two of our unconsolidated joint ventures: WAVE and ClarkDietrich. While the market price of steel significantly impacts these businesses, there are other key indicators that are meaningful in analyzing construction market demand, includingU.S. gross domestic product ("GDP"), the Dodge Index of construction contracts and, in the case of ClarkDietrich, trends in the relative price of framing lumber and steel. Substantially all of the net sales of our Pressure Cylinders operating segment, and approximately 23% of the net sales of our Steel Processing operating segment, are to other markets such as agricultural, appliance, consumer products, heavy truck, industrial products, lawn and garden, and oil & gas equipment. Given the many different products that make up these net sales and the wide variety of end markets, it is very difficult to detail the key market indicators that drive these portions of our business. However, we believe that the trend inU.S. GDP growth is a good economic indicator for analyzing the demand of these end markets. We use the following information to monitor our costs and demand in our major end markets: Three Months Ended November Six Months Ended November 30, 30, 2020 2019 Inc / (Dec) 2020 2019 Inc / (Dec)U.S. GDP (% growth year-over-year) 1 -4.9 % 2.2 % -7.1 % -5.4 % 2.3 % -7.7 % Hot-Rolled Steel ($ per ton) 2$ 625 $ 526 $ 99 $ 550 $ 545 $ 5 Detroit Three Auto Build (000's vehicles) 3 1,868 1,879 (11 ) 3,718 3,928 (210 ) No. America Auto Build (000's vehicles) 3 4,076 4,091 (15 ) 7,834 8,173 (339 ) Zinc ($ per pound) 4$ 1.11 $ 1.09 $ 0.02 $ 1.03 $ 1.11$ (0.08 ) Natural Gas ($ per mcf) 5$ 2.64 $ 2.50 $ 0.14 $ 2.28 $ 2.39$ (0.11 ) On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices ($ per gallon) 6$ 2.41 $ 3.04 $ (0.63 ) $ 2.42 $ 3.05$ (0.63 ) Crude Oil - WTI ($ per barrel) 6$ 39.99 $ 55.47 $ (15.48 ) $ 40.22 $ 55.54$ (15.32 )
1 2019 figures based on revised actuals 2CRU Hot-Rolled Index; period average
3IHS Global 4LME Zinc; period average 5NYMEX
average 6EnergyInformation Administration ; period average 24
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------U.S. GDP growth rate trends are generally indicative of the strength in demand and, in many cases, pricing for our products. A year-over-year increase inU.S. GDP growth rates is indicative of a stronger economy, which generally increases demand and pricing for our products. Conversely, decreasingU.S. GDP growth rates generally indicate a weaker economy. Changes inU.S. GDP growth rates can also signal changes in conversion costs related to production and in SG&A expense. The market price of hot-rolled steel is one of the most significant factors impacting our selling prices and operating results. When steel prices fall, we typically have higher-priced material flowing through cost of goods sold, while selling prices compress to what the market will bear, negatively impacting our results. On the other hand, in a rising price environment, our results are generally favorably impacted, as lower-priced material purchased in previous periods flows through cost of goods sold, while our selling prices increase at a faster pace to cover current replacement costs. The following table presents the average quarterly market price per ton of hot-rolled steel during fiscal 2021 (first and second quarters), fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019: Fiscal Year (Dollars per ton 1 ) 2021 2020 2019 1st Quarter$ 475 $ 564 $ 900 2nd Quarter$ 625 $ 526 $ 836 3rd Quarter N/A$ 571 $ 725 4th Quarter N/A$ 527 $ 672 Annual Avg.$ 550 $ 547 $ 783 1 CRU Hot-Rolled Index, period average Sales to one Steel Processing customer in the automotive industry represented 12% and 17% of consolidated net sales during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, respectively. While our automotive business is largely driven by the production schedules of the Detroit Three automakers, our customer base is much broader and includes other domestic manufacturers and many of their suppliers. During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, vehicle production for the Detroit Three automakers was down 1% from fiscal 2020, while North American vehicle production was flat. Certain other commodities, such as zinc, natural gas and diesel fuel, represent a significant portion of our cost of goods sold, both directly through our plant operations and indirectly through transportation and freight expense. 25
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