Komatsu IR-Day 2023
Development path towards
carbon neutrality
Taisuke Kusaba
Senior Executive Officer
CTO & President of Development Division
Mid-term management plan
2
Global movement towards carbon neutrality
- EU : Allowing sales of new vehicles using synthetic fuel
- North America : It is likely to become a major driver in the future due to huge investment.
(Up until now, we have mainly focused on electrification in Japan and Europe, but we would like to keep an eye on the US as well in the future.)
EU
North
America
Japan
Others
- On March 8, 2023, EU decided to ban sale of new cars other than non-emission cars that do not emit CO2 from 2035 onwards but will allow sale of new cars that use synthetic fuel as an exception.
- On August 16, 2022, US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was enacted, providing subsidies of up to $7,500 to EV buyers. Automakers and battery manufacturers are increasingly announcing plans to establish production facilities in United States to meet requirements for tax credits.
Main battery factory construction plans: GM + Samsung SDI / Hyundai Motor + LG Energy Solution / Panasonic Energy / VW / Honda + LG Energy Solution / Ford / Toyota - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announces policy to replace 500,000 school buses in United States with latest electric buses, and work is underway to replace them. (Period: 2022-2026, Budget: $5B)
- On June 6, 2023, government decided to revise the basic hydrogen strategy at meeting of relevant ministers and announced investment plan of 15 trillion yen in public and private sectors over the next 15 years. Hydrogen supply expansion policy: current 2 million tons, 30 million tons in 2030, 12 million tons in 2040,
20 million tons in 2050 - On June 16, 2023, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry decided to provide approximately 120 billion yen
in subsidies for development of batteries for Toyota EVs.
Government has designated storage batteries as particularly important material for economic security and has set budget of over 300 billion yen to encourage domestic development and production.
- COP28 (from November 30, 2023, UAE):
Countries such as United States / EU / UAE are expected to formulate pledge to triple their use of renewable energy in 2030. There is strong possibility that "liquid hydrogen" and "ammonia", which are effective carriers, will attract more attention as
activities toward spread of hydrogen society.
- F1: Adoption of carbon neutral liquid fuel until 2026 Aim for carbon neutrality in all activities until 2030
CO2 actually emitted in F1
- Areas away from site, such as moving machines and parts : 45%
- Staff movement : 22.7%
(3) CO2 emissions from F1 cars : 0.7% of total F1 CO2 emissions 3
Roadmap for achieving carbon neutrality
Acquire all carbon neutral | Deployment of carbon | ||
technologies to respond to diverse | neutral technology to | ||
customer environments | all models | ||
Roadmap updates : | Underground mining | ||
Active use of carbon neutral | |||
fuel at an early stage | Protection of underground miner's health | ||
Market spread of carbon neutral machines
Surface mining
On-site generation and hydrogen fuel
2010 | 2020 | 2025 | 2030 | 2035 | 2040 | 2045 | 2050 | |||||||
Zero | ||||||||||||||
Diesel internal | Hydrogen engine / | |||||||||||||
carbon neutral fuel | Reductions | |||||||||||||
Fuel cell | ||||||||||||||
combustion | ||||||||||||||
from products | ||||||||||||||
improvement | ||||||||||||||
Halved CO2 | Battery / | |||||||||||||
emissions in 2030 | Cable | Forestry | ||||||||||||
-50% | (50% reduction in CO2 | |||||||||||||
emissions from 2010) | Hybrid / | |||||||||||||
Urban civil engineering | Diesel electric | |||||||||||||
Use urban electricity infrastructure | Reductions | |||||||||||||
General civil engineering | ||||||||||||||
from solutions |
-100% | Electrified equipment for reducing environment impacts | improvement | ||
Carbon neutrality in 2050 | ||||
Extent of reduction | ||||
(100% reduction in CO2 | ||||
from 2010 | ||||
emissions from 2010) | ||||
4 |
Two-pronged approach of improvements in products and solutions
to reduce CO2 emissions
Solutions that optimize customers' operation processes through digitalization, together
with safe, eco-friendly, and highly efficient products that are compatible with our solutions.
(For Smart Construction)
Level 5
Create work tasks and | |||
value | work orders | ||
Level 4 | |||
customer | |||
Optimization of | |||
Data monitoring | |||
construction planning | |||
Level 3 | |||
Maximizing | |||
Level 2 | |||
Visualization of topography/workplace
Level 1
Workplace digitization
Solutions (Optimization level of customers' entire operation processes)
Conventional
- Safe, highly productive, smart and clean workplace of the future
- Digital transformation
- Carbon neutrality
Products (Level of automation and autonomous operation)
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Level 4 | Level 5 | ||||
Limited operation | Advanced | Advanced | Advanced | Advanced decision- | ||||
support | operation support | solo automation | collaborative | making | ||||
autonomous | autonomous | |||||||
operation | operation |
Products (Improvement of equipment efficiency / Reduction of CO2 emissions)
Innovate manufacturing technology and develop new value chain
5
Challenges and countermeasures to new power sources
Construction and mining equipment operate under harsh vibration, dust, and harsh temperature conditions, etc.
Performance | Durability |
- Countermeasures to decrease | |
- Durability under harsh vibration | |
energy density | |
- Extension of energy input and output (output power and endurance)
Bigger room for new power source!!
4 challenges to
overcome for new
Environment | power sources |
Vibration level of construction and mining equipment (especially crawler type): More than 10 times that of an automobile
Cost
- Quick supply energy | - Price optimization | |
- Reliability and durability under | - Development of energy supply | |
harsh condition | infrastructure including battery | |
circulation, etc. | ||
Snow condition | Dust condition |
6
Electric construction machineries introduced to the market this fiscal year
3-tonclass electric mini excavators "PC30E/PC33E-6" | 13-tonclass electric excavators "PC138E-11 | |
equipped with lithium-ion batteries are released in the | " equipped with lithium-ion batteries, are scheduled | |
Japanese and European markets. | to be introduced in the Japanese market as a | |
rental machine from January 2024 onwards. | ||
【PC30E-6】
We plan to begin introducing 20-tonclass electric
excavators "PC200LCE/210LCE-11"equipped with
lithium-ion batteries as a rental machine in the Japanese and European markets from October onwards. (Sequentially introduced in Asia, North America, and Australia)
【PC138E-11】
Electric micro excavators "PC05E-1"jointly
developed with Honda Motor Co., Ltd. are released in the Japanese market from October this year.
【PC200LCE-11】 | 【PC05E-1】 |
7
Research and development related hydrogen
Concept machine of medium-sized hydraulic excavator equipped hydrogen fuel cell
Komatsu started proof-of-concept (PoC) in May 2023 on concept machine for medium-sized hydraulic excavator equipped key components
developed in-houseand fuel cell, with aim of mass producing medium- to large-sized construction machineries equipped with fuel cell in the near future.
Research and development of electric dump truck equipped fuel cell
Hydrogen tank
We have clarified technical issues and are | H2 | Fuel cell bench test facility |
currently building fuel cell control and | ||
H2 | Fuel cell | |
simulation technology on the bench. | ||
H2 | ||
In addition, we will install megawatt class | ||
fuel cell bench in Oyama Plant into | Battery | |
operation by the end of 2025 with aim of | ||
establishing multi-parallel control and | Motor | |
energy management control in vehicle |
circuits.
Hydrogen mixed fuel engine
Commercialized 250kW hydrogen mixed
generator with Denyo Co., Ltd. Introduced at our Oyama Plant.
Fuel cell bench test (Megawatt class): verification with real component
Test on prototype machine
8
Means of products towards carbon neutrality "Tank to Wheel"
- Promote usage of proprietary technology as a "bridge technology" to carbon neutrality.
- Efforts will also be made to utilize "carbon neutral fuel" such as biodiesel and HVO.
Bridge technology
Trolley / Cable | Hybrid |
Diesel electric
Direction of development : Energy
Battery vehicle
Non-internal
combustion Fuel cells vehicle
2020 2030 2040 2050
Hybrid, Diesel electric, Trolley / Cable
Diesel engine vehicle (Improved fuel efficiency)
Carbon neutral fuel
HVO | Bio diesel (FAME) | Biofuel |
(Hydrogenated vegetable oil)
GTL fuel | e-fuel | CO2 | capture technology |
Gradually | ||
switching | Hydrogen mixed fuel engine (Generator) | |
filling fuel to | Internal | |
HVO fuel at | ||
combustion | ||
European | Hydrogen fuel (100%) engine vehicle | |
factories |
9
Energy and fuel towards carbon neutrality "Well to Wheel"
Material | Energy / Fuel |
Fossil fuel | Diesel fuel |
Carbon neutral
fuel FAME, GTL, HVO, e-fuel etc.
Ammonia
- Renewable energy
- Biomass Hydrogen
Products
CO2 capture
technology
Engine
Generator
Output
- Nuclear fuel (nuclear)
Off-grid
FC
Motor
Electricity
solutions
Battery
- Cable
- Trolley
Generated by green energy
10
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Disclaimer
Komatsu Ltd. published this content on 20 December 2023 and is solely responsible for the information contained therein. Distributed by Public, unedited and unaltered, on 21 December 2023 12:59:09 UTC.