Global Witness : Four signs the US is creeping towards a kleptocracy under Trump’s watch

2.) Nepotism (aka - appointing one's own family to political positions)

Nepotism, or when someone uses their position of power to provide a job or favor to a family member or friend, is a tried and trusted method to hold onto and consolidate power, while also allowing family members to profit from public office.

Trump's appointing his son-in-law Jared Kusher as White House 'senior adviser' and his daughter Ivanka Trump as 'adviser' raises alarm bells as both are still closely connected to their families' billion dollar businesses - and rife with potential conflicts of interest.

The Kushner family even came under fire earlier this year in Beijing for appearing to lure $500,000 investments for one of their developments with the prospect of getting an investor visa to immigrate to the US. Kushner's position at the White House was also referenced at the same event.

Global Witness investigations have exposed similar behavior in countries such as Cambodia and Equatorial Guinea. In the latter, President Obiang uses the country's oil wealth to enrich himself and his family. Our investigations have exposed how the President's son and government minister, Teodorin Obiang, has spent millions of dollars sustaining a playboy lifestyle in Europe and the U.S. while earning a government salary of only a few thousand dollars a month.

3.) Censorship and attacks on a free press

Since Trump became president he's tweeted about 'Fake News' 155 times - that's just about every other day. When faced with critical news, or news not to his liking, he labels it as 'Fake News' and attacks outlets and networks like CNN, New York Times, and NBC - even going so far as to suggest NBC's license should be revoked - in other words, that they should be shut down.

One Sunday morning he tweeted a mocked-up video of him punching and wrestling a figure whose head had been replaced by the CNN logo. The end of the video proclaims that CNN is 'FNN: Fraud News Network'. In a world where more and more journalists are jailed and murdered around the world each year - these threats are serious.

This tactic to delegitimize and attack the press is a hallmark characteristic of authoritarian and kleptocratic regimes who want to control information flow and crack down on anything they believe could lead to dissent. In a crackdown on free speech this summer, Cambodia Prime Minister Hun Sen took 33 radio stations off air and the US-backed paper The Cambodia Daily was handed a US$ 6.3 million tax bill it says is politically motivated. In a regime spanning 30 years, Hun Sen has systematically enriched his family and allies, while quashing all political opposition.

4.) A growing clamp down on transparency and accountability

From Angola to Kazakhstan to the DRC, Global Witness' investigations have shown how secrecy in the natural resource sector entrenches corruption and props up kleptocratic regimes. Trump is now taking a similar approach by attacking a U.S. transparency law and initiatives that aim to help combat natural resource corruption in the US and globally.

The first legislation introduced by House Republicans once Trump took office was an effort to derail Dodd-Frank Section 1504, a bi-partisan anti-corruption and transparency law that requires US listed oil, gas and mining companies to disclose the hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of payments they make to foreign governments. Ultimately Congress voted to overturn the rule to implement this transparency provision, in what can clearly be seen as a gift to big oil.

While serving as head of Exxon, US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson himself lobbied against this payment disclosure rule. Exxon is being investigated by Nigerian authorities for a deal potentially defrauding the Nigerian people of billions of dollars.

Similarly the Trump administration and House Republicans have attacked the conflict minerals provision of Dodd-Frank, Section 1502. This law requires that U.S. companies carry out supply chain due diligence on their mineral supply chains to ensure that the tin, tantalum, tungsten or gold in their products originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighboring countries have not contributed to armed groups or human rights abuses.

In another telling move, in November, the US withdrew from implementing the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), a multi-stakeholder global anti-corruption program for the oil, gas and mining sector. Another clear win for Exxon and Chevron, whose penchant for secrecy threatens to breed corruption.

This Global Witness article was originally published on Buzzfeed.com