You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and the information contained in other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly under the headings "Risk Factors," "Selected Financial Data" and "Business." This discussion and analysis is based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. The statements in this discussion and analysis concerning expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, as well as other non-historical statements in this discussion and analysis, are forward-looking statements. See "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described under "Risk Factors." Our actual results could differ materially from those suggested or implied by any forward-looking statements. Business OverviewEmergent Capital, Inc. was founded inDecember 2006 as aFlorida limited liability company,Imperial Holdings, LLC , and converted into Imperial Holdings, Inc. onFebruary 3, 2011 , in connection with the Company's initial public offering. EffectiveSeptember 1, 2015 , the name was changed toEmergent Capital, Inc. (with its subsidiary companies, the "Company" or "Emergent Capital ").Emergent Capital , through its subsidiaries owns 2 life insurance policies, also referred to as life settlements, with a fair value of$1.3 million and an aggregate death benefit of approximately$12.0 million atNovember 30, 2019 . Additionally, through a subsidiary, the Company owns a 27.5% equity investment, having an estimated fair value of approximately$137.8 million atNovember 30, 2019 , inWhite Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP ("White Eagle"), which was previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that holds a portfolio of life settlements. The Company primarily earns income through change in fair value and death benefits from these two polices and change in fair value and distributions from its equity investment in White Eagle.
Change in Financial Year End
OnSeptember 7, 2018 , the Board of Directors adopted resolutions to change the Company's fiscal year end, and have the Company cause its direct and indirect subsidiaries change their fiscal year ends, fromDecember 31 to November 30 , effective immediately. Our financial results for the fiscal year endedNovember 30, 2019 will cover the twelve months of transactions fromDecember 1, 2018 toNovember 30, 2019 , and are compared to the results of our previous fiscal year endedNovember 30, 2018 which covers the eleven months transition period fromJanuary 1, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 and our previous twelve month year-end as ofDecember 31, 2017 .
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11 and De-consolidation of Subsidiaries
OnNovember 14, 2018 (the "Petition Date"),Lamington Road Designated Activity Company (formerly known asLamington Road Limited ), the Company's wholly-owned indirect Irish subsidiary ("Lamington" or "Lamington Road DAC"), and White Eagle General Partner, LLC, the Company's wholly-owned indirectDelaware subsidiary ("WEGP"), filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in theUnited States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "Bankruptcy Court "). Lamington is the limited partner and owns 99.99%, and WEGP is the general partner and owns 0.01%, of White Eagle. In its capacity as general partner, WEGP manages the affairs of White Eagle. The Lamington and WEGP filings are referred to as the "November Chapter 11 Cases." The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases would constitute defaults and events of default under the terms of the Company's Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture and the New Convertible Note Indenture (each as defined below). However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived in advance of the November Chapter 11 Cases by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amounts of each of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under either the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture or the New Convertible Note Indenture. The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases constituted an event of default under the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as ofJanuary 31, 2017 , by and among White Eagle, as borrower,Imperial Finance and Trading, LLC ,Lamington Road Bermuda, LTD , as Portfolio Manager ("Lamington Bermuda"),CLMG Corp. , as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), andLNV Corporation , as Lender ("LNV"), as amended (the "White Eagle Revolving 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Credit Facility"), resulting in the principal and accrued interest due from White Eagle thereunder becoming immediately due and payable. Lamington and WEGP have pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Any efforts by LNV, or CLMG to enforce such pledges by Lamington and WEGP of their respective interests in White Eagle in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are automatically stayed as a result of the commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases and LNV's and CLMG's rights of enforcement in respect of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. In addition, onNovember 15, 2018 , White Eagle, LNV and CLMG entered into an Agreement Regarding Rights and Remedies (the "Standstill Agreement"), pursuant to which LNV and CLMG agreed to refrain from exercising their rights and remedies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the terms and provisions of the Standstill Agreement, until12:00 p.m. noon Pacific time onNovember 26, 2018 , to facilitate negotiations. The effective period under the Standstill Agreement was extended several times, finally toDecember 13, 2018 . OnNovember 25, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing both of the Lamington and WEGP chapter 11 cases. OnDecember 13, 2018 , White Eagle filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in theUnited States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "White Eagle Chapter 11 Case" and, together with the November Chapter 11 Cases, the "Chapter 11 Cases"). The Company obtained waivers from the requisite holders of each of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes with respect to the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, similar to the waivers for the November Chapter 11 Cases, and believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred with respect to both the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes. OnSeptember 16, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case.
On
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
OnAugust 16, 2019 , the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Lamington Road ("Class B Limited Partner"), White Eagle, WEGP ("WithdrawingGeneral Partner "), andPalomino JV, L.P. ("Palomino" or "Class A Limited Partner"), in connection with the commitment letter signed onJune 22, 2019 withJade Mountain Partners, LLC ("Jade Mountain"), pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain (the "Manager") all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the "WE Investment ") for a purchase price of approximately$366.2 million and$8.0 million for the Class A and Class D interests, respectively. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests with a value of approximately$138.9 million on the closing date. The proceeds of theWE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility , and (ii) DIP Financing extended by CLMG, as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), as agent, and LNV, as Lender, to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to a Master Termination Agreement dated as ofAugust 16, 2019 among WEGP, Lamington, White Eagle,Markley Asset Portfolio, LLC , CLMG, as administrative agent, LNV, as initial lender,Wilmington Trust, National Association , in its capacities as securities intermediary, custodian and agent, and Palomino (the "Master Termination Agreement"). The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization for Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle approved by theBankruptcy Court with respect to the previously announced voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of theU.S. Bankruptcy Code of Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle (the "Chapter 11 Cases").The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, onAugust 16, 2019 . The payoff totaled$402.5 million , which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of$374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of$28.3 million , collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of$368.0 million , accrued and unpaid interest of$21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of$7.4 million and lender-allowed claims of$5.8 million . Of the$374.2 million purchase price of the limited partnership,$8.0 million was allocated 20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- to the Class D interests which amount is to be repaid in accordance with the distribution terms of the amended and restated Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle. In connection with theWE Investment , the Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interests. Pursuant to the A&R LPA, holders of Class A interests are entitled to receive distributions on the amounts paid or contributed by them in relation to theWE Investment and funding of the Advance Facility after payment of premiums on the portfolio policies and other fees and expenses. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and ClassB Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately$8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and$4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years), provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to repay the ClassD Return of$8.0 million , which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of$2.0 million or 11% per annum on such$8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such ClassD Return . The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distributions as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents. As of the closing of the Investment, Lamington Bermuda resigned as manager of the portfolio and was replaced by Jade Mountain or an affiliate thereof. OnAugust 16, 2019 , Lamington also entered into (i) a pledge agreement (the "Pledge Agreement") pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) an assumption agreement among White Eagle, Lamington, the Company and WEGP (the "Assumption Agreement") pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. OnAugust 16, 2019 , Emergent entered into an indemnification agreement (the "Indemnification Agreement") pursuant to which it indemnifiedWilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to whichWilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
See Note 10, "Investment in Limited Partnership" , to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
8.5% Senior Secured Notes Amendment
OnDecember 10, 2018 , the Company andWilmington Trust, National Association , as indenture trustee, entered into a Second Supplemental Indenture (the "Second Supplemental Indenture") which amended the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as ofJuly 28, 2017 , as amended by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as ofJanuary 10, 2018 (as so amended, the "Indenture"), relating to the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes dueJuly 15, 2021 (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes"). The Second Supplemental Indenture (i) increased the aggregate principal amount of Notes permitted to be issued under the Indenture from$40.0 million to$70.0 million and (ii) provided for interest on the Notes to be paid in kind, such that the principal amount of the relevant holder's note is increased by the amount of interest, in lieu of cash payment ("PIK"). The Company may elect to pay PIK interest instead of cash interest for any Interest Period (as defined in the Indenture) to holders of Notes who consented to accept PIK interest. Each holder of outstanding Notes made an election with respect to some or all of the outstanding principal amount of such holder's Notes as to whether or not to accept PIK interest whenever the Company elects to pay interest in PIK in lieu of cash. Any new holder of Notes, other than a transferee who is an affiliate of a transferring holder that did not elect to accept PIK interest, will be deemed to have elected to accept PIK interest. A holder receiving PIK interest shall also automatically receive, for each applicable Interest Period, an amount equal to 3.0% per annum of additional interest on the principal amount of such holder's Notes for which the holder elected to accept PIK interest. 21 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All terms of the Indenture that were not amended by the Second Supplemental Indenture remain in full force and effect.
OnDecember 28, 2018 , the Company entered into subscription agreements (the "Subscription Agreements) with several investors (the "Investors"), Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, the Investors purchased from the Company an aggregate of$5.7 million principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of$4.3 million . The transactions were consummated onDecember 28, 2018 . OnDecember 28, 2018 , the Company received a commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") fromIronsides Partners LLC , an entity affiliated withRobert Knapp , a member of the Board, for an aggregate investment, at the Company's election, of up to$2.0 million principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of up to$1.5 million no later thanJanuary 31, 2019 . The Commitment Letter contains certain conditions precedent to Ironsides' obligations to purchase such Senior Notes. OnJanuary 30, 2019 , the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the "Note Purchase Agreement")withIronsides Partners Special Situations Master Fund III L.P. (the "Investor"), which is affiliated withRobert Knapp , a member of the Company's Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company$2.0 million principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for a purchase price of$1.5 million . OnFebruary 11, 2019 , the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") withBrennan Opportunities Fund I LP (the "Investor"), which is affiliated withPatrick T. Brennan , a member of the Company's Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company$967,000 principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the "Senior Notes") for a purchase price of$725,250 . The transaction was consummated onFebruary 14, 2019 .
Litigation Settlement
OnMay 22, 2019 , a settlement (the "Lincoln Benefit Settlement") in the amount of$21.3 million was signed betweenLincoln Benefit Life Company ("Lincoln Benefit"),White Eagle andEmergent Capital pursuant to which Lincoln Benefit agreed not to contest the 55 life insurance policies that are presently owned byWhite Eagle andEmergent Capital agreed to drop its legal action against Allstate Life Insurance Company and settle for$2.0 million . The Lincoln Benefit Settlement relates to six separate legal actions pertaining to the validity of certain White Eagle policies and receivables for maturities of life settlements totaling$39.1 million . The Lincoln Benefit Settlement was approved by theBankruptcy Court inJune 2019 .
Liquidity
Historically, the Company has incurred substantial losses, which has resulted in an accumulated deficit of approximately$291.5 million as ofNovember 30, 2019 . This amount includes$14.5 million of net income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 for which$37.9 million relates to a gain on change in fair value on the investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries as a result of the resolution of their emergence from bankruptcy. Cash flows used in operating activities were$12.4 million for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 and$41.2 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . As ofNovember 30, 2019 , we had approximately$24.3 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of$511,000 .
Subsequent Events
OnDecember 4, 2019 the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release (the "Settlement Agreement") withSun Life Assurance Company of Canada ("Sun Life") andWilmington Trust, N.A . as securities intermediary ("Wilmington Trust "). Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, 31 life insurance policies with face totaling$163.5 million issued by Sun Life were canceled in exchange for a lump sum payment of$36.1 million . The settlement included two policies held by the Company outside of White Eagle with an aggregate face value of$12.0 million , 28 policies held by White Eagle with an aggregate face value of$141.5 million and one policy with a face value of$10.0 million in receivable for maturity for White Eagle. Of this amount, approximately$12.7 million was received by the Company,$13.4 million was paid to White Eagle and$10.0 million was paid toWilmington Trust for the maturity receivable. With this settlement, the Company no longer owns any life insurance policies and hence no future obligation for premium payments. 22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See Note 22, "Subsequent Events" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of factors including but not limited to, the receipt of distributions from its investment in its equity investment in White Eagle, and cash on hand. As of the filing date of this Form 10-K, we had approximately$22.2 million of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of certificates of deposit of$513,000 . In considering our forecast for the next twelve months with the current cash balance as of the filing of this Form 10-K, the Company has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs for the foreseeable future.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that might result from uncertainty about our ability to continue as a going concern.
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility Events
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
OnAugust 16, 2019 , the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Lamington Road ("Class B Limited Partner"), White Eagle, WEGP ("WithdrawingGeneral Partner "), andPalomino JV, L.P. ("Palomino" or "Class A Limited Partner"), in connection with the commitment letter signed onJune 22, 2019 withJade Mountain Partners, LLC ("Jade Mountain"), pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain (the "Manager") all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the "WE Investment ") for a purchase price of approximately$366.2 million and$8.0 million for the Class A and Class D interests, respectively. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests with a value of approximately$138.2 million on the closing date. The proceeds of theWE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility , and (ii) DIP Financing extended byCLMG Corp. , as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), as agent, and LNV,LNV Corporation , as Lender ("LNV"), to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to a Master Termination Agreement dated as ofAugust 16 2019 among WEGP, Lamington, White Eagle,Markley Asset Portfolio, LLC , CLMG, as administrative agent, LNV, as initial lender,Wilmington Trust, National Association , in its capacities as securities intermediary, custodian and agent, and Palomino (the "Master Termination Agreement"). The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization for Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle approved by theUnited States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "Bankruptcy Court ") with respect to the previously announced voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of theU.S. Bankruptcy Code of Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle (the "Chapter 11 Cases").The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, onAugust 16, 2019 . The payoff totaled$402.5 million , which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of$374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of$28.3 million , collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of$368.0 million , accrued and unpaid interest of$21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of$7.4 million and lender-allowed claims of$5.8 million . Of the$374.2 million purchase price,$8.0 million was allocated to the Class D interests which amount is to be repaid in accordance with the distribution terms of the amended and restated Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle. White Eagle received proceeds of approximately$366.2 million towards the sale of 72.5% of its life settlement and recognized gains of approximately$21.3 million which is included in gains on sale of life settlements in the condensed and consolidated financial statements. See Note 4, "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements for Entities in Bankruptcy", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. 23
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- During the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , White Eagle experienced maturity of 18 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling$100.4 million , resulting in a net gain of approximately$70.3 million . The gains related to these maturities are included in income from changes in the fair value of life settlements in the deconsolidated subsidiaries statements of operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . Proceeds from maturities totaling$92.5 million were received during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 and were used solely for the purposes permitted under the budget approved by theBankruptcy Court including repayment of the outstanding debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
See Note 11, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Investment in Limited Partnership Events
In connection with theWhite Eagle Investment , the White Eagle Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interest holders. Pursuant to the A&R LPA, holders of Class A interests are entitled to receive distributions on the amounts paid or contributed by them in relation to the Investment and funding of the Advance Facility after payment of premiums on the portfolio policies and other fees and expenses. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and ClassB Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately$8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and$4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that, commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilize to satisfy the ClassD Return of$8.0 million , which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of$2.0 million or 11% per annum on such$8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such ClassD Return . The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents. As of the closing of the Investment, Lamington Bermuda resigned as manager of the portfolio and was replaced by Jade Mountain or an affiliate thereof. OnAugust 16, 2019 , Lamington also entered into (i) a pledge agreement (the "Pledge Agreement") pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) an assumption agreement among White Eagle, Lamington, the Company and WEGP (the "Assumption Agreement") pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. OnAugust 16, 2019 , Emergent entered into an indemnification agreement (the "Indemnification Agreement") pursuant to which it indemnifiedWilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to whichWilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
On
Reorganization and Consolidation
Lamington and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle and WEGP) filing of the Chapter 11 Cases was a reconsideration event forEmergent Capital to reevaluate whether consolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries (White Eagle,WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited ) (collectively, and with Lamington, the "Deconsolidated Entities") continued to be appropriate. Under ASC 810, Consolidation, specifically ASC 810-10-15, consolidation of a majority-owned subsidiary is precluded where control does not rest with the majority owners, for instance, where the subsidiary is in legal reorganization or bankruptcy. Accordingly, when a subsidiary files for bankruptcy, it is appropriate for the parent to 24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- deconsolidate the subsidiary. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date. OnJune 19, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Plan of Reorganization for the Chapter 11 Cases. The Plan of Reorganization implemented the Settlement Agreement and the DIP Financing. In addition, the Plan of Reorganization provided for the payment of all other allowed third party creditor claims in full, including allowed professional fees and taxes. The effective date of the Plan of Reorganization wasJune 19, 2019 . OnAugust 16, 2019 , the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid in full and terminated, additionally, payment was made to all White Eagle vendors and intercompany liabilities were contributed by Emergent. Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. With the termination of the facility, this pledge was released. There were no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP atAugust 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations to Emergent. Pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as ofAugust 17, 2019 was appropriate. However, the consummation of the transaction under the Subscription Agreement resulted in the Company being a minority owner in White Eagle, the entity was not reconsolidated but rather treated as an equity investment. OnSeptember 16, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP Chapter 11 Cases were dismissed onNovember 25, 2019 . Critical Accounting Policies Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of the financial statements requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. We base our judgments, estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. We evaluate our judgments, estimates and assumptions on a regular basis and make changes accordingly. We believe that the judgments, estimates and assumptions involved in the accounting for income taxes, the valuation of life settlements, the valuation of the debt owing under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the valuation of the investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries and the valuation of our equity investment in limited partnership have the greatest potential impact on our financial statements and accordingly believe these to be our critical accounting estimates. Fair Value Measurement Guidance We follow ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value as an exit price representing the amount that would be received if an asset were sold or that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. Level 1 relates to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 relates to observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1. Level 3 relates to unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Our investments in life insurance policies, investment in limited partnership and White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility debt are considered Level 3 as there is currently no active market where we are able to observe quoted prices for identical assets/liabilities and our valuation model incorporates significant inputs that are not observable. See Note 15,"Fair Value Measurements" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our fair value measurement. 25 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fair Value Option
We have elected to account for life settlements using the fair value method. The fair value of the asset is the estimated amount that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We calculate the fair value of the asset using a present value technique to estimate the fair value of its life settlements. The Company currently uses a probabilistic method of valuing life insurance policies, which the Company believes to be the preferred valuation method in the industry. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. See Note 9, "Life Settlements (Life Insurance Policies)" and Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements" of the notes to consolidated financial statements for further information. We have elected to account for the investment in limited partnership using the fair value method. We calculate the fair value of the investment using a present value technique to estimate the fair value of the limited partnership investment. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured for the life insurance policies that are held by the partnership, the stipulated rate of return by the Class A Holder of the partnership, repayment of advances made by the Class A holder on the Company's behalf, distributions to the Company and the discount rate. See Note 10, "Investment in Limited Partnership" and Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements" of the notes to consolidated financial statements for further information. We have elected to account for the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, which includes the interest in policy proceeds to the lender, using the fair value method. The fair value of the debt is the estimated amount that would have to be paid to transfer the debt to a market participant in an orderly transaction. We calculated the fair value of the debt using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the credit facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, our estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The use of assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values. Income Recognition Our primary sources of income are in the form of changes in fair value of life settlements and gains on life settlements, net. Our income recognition policies for these sources of income are as follows:
• Changes in Fair Value of Life Settlements-When we acquire certain life
insurance policies, we initially record these investments at the
transaction price, which is the fair value of the policy for those acquired
upon relinquishment or the amount paid for policies acquired for cash. The
fair value of the investment in insurance policies is evaluated at the end
of each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of the investment based
on evaluations are recorded as changes in fair value of life settlements in
our consolidated statement of operations. The fair value is determined on a
discounted cash flow basis that incorporates current life expectancy assumptions. The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require. The Company recognizes income from
life settlement maturities on the date we are in receipt of death notice or
verified obituary of the insured. This income is the difference between the
death benefits and fair values of the policy at the time of maturity. • Change in Fair Value of Investment in Limited Partnership - ASU
2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities requires that a reporting entity should account for its equity
investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity
method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current
earnings. White Eagle previously valued its life settlement policies at
fair value whose valuation are based on inputs that are both significant to
the fair value measurement and unobservable. The Company now holds an
equity investment of 27.5% in White Eagle whose only assets are these life
settlement. Additionally, the investment includes a mezzanine financing
which the Company assumed at closing which repayment by, and ultimate
distributions to, the Company are based on a prescribed waterfall with a
guaranteed 11% return to the majority owner partner. The Company recognizes
income from monthly distribution from the limited partnership as prescribed
by the Subscription Agreement. 26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred Debt Costs
Deferred debt costs include costs incurred in connection with acquiring and maintaining debt arrangements. These costs are directly deducted from the carrying amount of the liability in the consolidated balance sheets, are amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method and are classified as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. These deferred costs are related to the Company's 8.5% Convertible Notes, 5% Convertible Notes and 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. The Company did not recognize any deferred debt costs on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility given all costs were expensed due to electing the fair value option in valuing the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Income Taxes We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under ASC 740, deferred income taxes are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of enacted tax laws. Deferred income tax provisions and benefits are based on changes to the assets or liabilities from year to year. In providing for deferred taxes, we consider tax regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate, estimates of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. If tax regulations, operating results or the ability to implement tax-planning strategies varies, adjustments to the carrying value of the deferred tax assets and liabilities may be required. Valuation allowances are based on the "more likely than not" criteria of ASC 740. The accounting for uncertain tax positions guidance under ASC 740 requires that we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. We recognize interest and penalties (if any) on uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. OnDecember 22, 2017 ,the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"). Effective for tax years beginning afterDecember 31, 2017 , under certain circumstances, Section 245A enacted by the TCJA eliminatedU.S. federal income tax on dividends received from foreign subsidiaries of domestic corporations under a new participation exemption. However, the TCJA also created a new tax on certain taxed foreign income under new Section 951A. Specifically, income earned in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets held by a controlled foreign corporation (such excess referred to as Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") ) must now generally be included asU.S. taxable income on a current basis by itsU.S. shareholders. Based on the Company's life settlement assets held through Lamington's ownership share in theWE Investment , management expects the net income generated from these activities to qualify entirely as GILTI effective for its tax year beginningDecember 1, 2018 . OnJanuary 10, 2018 , the FASB provided guidance on how to account for deferred tax assets and liabilities expected to reverse in future years as GILTI. The FASB provided that a company may either (1) elect to treat taxes due on futureU.S. inclusions of GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred or (2) factor such amounts into the Company's measurement of its deferred taxes. For its reporting period endedDecember 31, 2017 , the Company adopted an accounting policy to treat any future GILTI inclusion as a current-period expense instead of providing forU.S. deferred taxes on all temporary differences related to future GILTI items. Stock-Based Compensation We have adopted ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. ASC 718 addresses accounting for share-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock, performance shares and warrants, with compensation expense measured using fair value and recorded over the requisite service or performance period of the award. The fair value of equity instruments will be determined based on a valuation using an option pricing model that takes into account various assumptions that are subjective. Key assumptions used in the valuation will include the expected term of the equity award taking into account both the contractual term of the award, the effects of expected exercise and post-vesting termination behavior, expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the award. Compensation expense associated with performance shares is only recognized to the extent that it is probable the performance measurement will be met. Held-for-sale and discontinued operations The Company reports a business as held-for-sale when management has approved or received approval to sell the business and is committed to a formal plan, the business is available for immediate sale, the business is being actively marketed, the sale is anticipated to occur during the ensuing year and certain other specified criteria are met. A business 27 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- classified as held-for-sale is recorded at the lower of its carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell. If the carrying amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value, a loss is recognized. Depreciation is not recorded on assets of a business classified as held-for-sale. Assets and liabilities related to a business classified as held-for-sale are segregated in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and major classes are separately disclosed in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements commencing in the period in which the business is classified as held-for-sale. The Company reports the results of operations of a business as discontinued operations if the business is classified as held-for-sale, the operations and cash flows of the business have been or will be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the Company as a result of a disposal transaction and the Company will not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations of the business after the disposal transaction. The results of discontinued operations are reported in Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for current and prior periods commencing in the period in which the business meets the criteria of a discontinued operation, and include any gain or loss recognized on closing or adjustment of the carrying amount to fair value less cost to sell. During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company sold substantially all of its structured settlements business. As a result, the Company has classified its structured settlement operating results as discontinued operations. Foreign Currency The Company owns certain foreign subsidiaries formed under the laws ofIreland andBermuda . These foreign subsidiaries utilize theU.S. dollar as their functional currency. The foreign subsidiaries' financial statements are denominated inU.S. dollars and therefore, there are no translation gains and losses resulting from converting the financial statements at exchange rates other than the functional currency. Any gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions (transactions denominated in a currency other than the subsidiaries' functional currency) are included in income. These gains and losses are immaterial to the Company's financial statements.
Deconsolidation
Lamington and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle and WEGP) filing for reorganization was a reconsideration event forEmergent Capital to reevaluate whether consolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries (White Eagle,WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited and together with Lamington, the "Deconsolidated Entities" continued to be appropriate. Under ASC 810, Consolidation, specifically ASC 810-10-15, consolidation of a majority-owned subsidiary is precluded where control does not rest with the majority owners, for instance, where the subsidiary is in legal reorganization or bankruptcy. Accordingly, when a subsidiary files for bankruptcy, it is appropriate for the parent to deconsolidate the subsidiary. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date. EffectiveAugust 17, 2019 , the entities were deemed to have emerged from bankruptcy and were no longer deconsolidated. Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. With the termination of the facility, this pledge was released. There were no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP atAugust 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations to Emergent. OnSeptember 16, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case and onNovember 25, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing both of the Lamington and WEGP chapter 11 cases. Although the final decree was filed after the quarter end,August 16, 2019 is considered to be the reconsideration date which is the date all material unresolved conditions precedent to the plan becoming binding are resolved. This date is also considered the consolidation date for both Lamington and WEGP given the pledge of their interest in White Eagle was also terminated and there were no outstanding third party liabilities pending. ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities was effective for calendar year-end public business entities in 2018. Under the new guidance, a reporting entity should account for its equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current earnings. Lamington's main subsidiary, White Eagle, carries its life settlements policies and debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility at fair value, these valuations are based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. As a result, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01 to value its investment in Lamington during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The calculation was performed consistent with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings. 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Related Party Relationship Upon filing for Chapter 11 and the subsequent deconsolidation, transactions with Lamington are no longer eliminated in consolidation and are treated as related party transactions forEmergent Capital up toAugust 16, 2019 . See Note 4 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements For Entities in Bankruptcy" for all transactions betweenEmergent Capital and Lamington.
Accounting Changes
Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements discusses accounting standards adopted in 2019, as well as accounting standards recently issued but not yet required to be adopted and the expected impact of these changes in accounting standards. There was no material impact of adoption during the period.
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following is our analysis of the results of operations for the periods indicated below. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements, including the related notes to the financial statements.
OnSeptember 7, 2018 , the Board of Directors adopted resolutions to change the Company's fiscal year end, and have the Company cause its direct and indirect subsidiaries change their fiscal year ends, fromDecember 31 to November 30 , effective immediately. Our financial results for the fiscal year endedNovember 30, 2019 will cover the twelve months of transactions fromDecember 1, 2018 toNovember 30, 2019 , and are compared to the results of our previous fiscal year endedNovember 30, 2018 which covers the eleven months transition period fromJanuary 1, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 and our previous twelve month year-end as ofDecember 31, 2017 . Additionally, as a result of our subsidiaries' Chapter 11 Cases, Lamington's and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle,WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited ), financial results are included in the Company's consolidated results throughNovember 13, 2018 , the day prior to the Petition Date. However, ASC 810, Consolidation require that an entity whose financial statements were previously consolidated with those of its parent that files for protection under theU.S. Bankruptcy Code, whether solvent or insolvent, generally must be prospectively deconsolidated from the parent and presented as an equity investment. Therefore, our 2019 results are not comparable with 2018, and the post-petition results are not included in our consolidated results for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 which endedAugust 16, 2019 . The results of White Eagle represented the Company's core business, and although the results are deconsolidated, the Company will analyze significant activities for the deconsolidated subsidiaries up to the point of deemed closure of the bankruptcy case ofAugust 16, 2019 . OnSeptember 16, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, and onNovember 25, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing both of the Lamington and WEGP chapter 11 cases. Our results of operations are discussed below in three parts: (i) our consolidated results of continuing operations for 2019 compared to 2018 pre-petition date, (ii) our results of deconsolidated subsidiaries for 2019 up toAugust 16, 2019 compared to 2018 post-petition date, and (iii) our results of discontinued operations 2019 compared to 2018.
Results of Continuing Operations - Consolidated Subsidiaries
Twelve Months EndedNovember 30, 2019 Compared to Eleven Months EndedNovember 30, 2018 Net income from continuing operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was$16.9 million as compared to a loss of$169.9 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The following is our analysis of net income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 compared to eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 (in thousands). 29 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Twelve Months Ended November Eleven Months 30, Ended November 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Income (loss)$ 41,525 $ (196,422 ) $ 237,947 (121 )% increase Expenses 20,900 (26,525 ) 47,425 (179 )% increase Income tax provision (benefit) 3,766 45 3,721 8,269 % increase Net income (loss)$ 16,859 $ (169,942 ) $ 186,801 (110 )% increase Income from continuing operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was significantly impacted by the reconsolidation of Lamington and related subsidiaries due to the closure of the Chapter 11 Cases onAugust 16, 2019 with the repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Income for eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 includes net gain on maturity of$53.3 million which is attributable to 20 policies maturity offset by a loss on the deconsolidation of Lamington and related subsidiaries. Income was significantly impacted by a negative change in fair value of life settlements as a result of changes made by the provider of life expectancy reports. This impact is approximately$124.0 million . Historically, the Company procured the majority of its life expectancy reports from two life expectancy report providers (AVS Underwriting LLC and21st Services, LLC ) for valuation purposes and used an average or "blending," of the results of the two life expectancy reports to establish a composite mortality factor. OnOctober 18, 2018 ,21st Services, LLC ("21st Services") announced revisions to its underwriting methodology, which revisions have generally been understood to lengthen the average reported life expectancy furnished by this life expectancy provider by 9%. OnOctober 29, 2018 ,AVS Underwriting LLC ("AVS"), also announced revisions to its underwriting methodology without an estimated impact, which resulted in an average lengthening of the life expectancies by approximately 13%. To account for the impact of the revisions by 21st Services and based off of market responses to the methodology change, the Company decided to lengthen the life expectancies, as furnished by 21st Services, by 9% as atNovember 30, 2018 . The resulting impact was approximately$124.0 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Further, the Company decided to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes. The Company's decision was based on a series of events leading up to the announcement onOctober 29, 2018 , which included AVS' inability to furnish timely reports to allow the Company to blend the results to facilitate timely quarterly reporting. Market participants also expressed concerns regarding their inability to connect the new AVS model to past models. EffectiveNovember 2018 , the Company discontinued its blending approach. The resulting impact was approximately$23.1 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Approximately$37.9 million included in income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 represents a gain upon reconsolidation on our investments in previously deconsolidated subsidiaries, compared to a loss of approximately$150.9 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. AtNovember 13, 2018 , the pre-petition date, the Company valued its investment in Lamington to be$278.4 million , which was equivalent to the Company's book value. This valuation was determined by performing an internal fair value calculation of the assets and liabilities of Lamington under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. As a result of the Chapter 11 Cases, consistent with ASC 321, Investments -Equity Securities , the Company subsequently, measured its investment in Lamington at fair value as ofNovember 30, 2018 . Further, the Company engaged a third party to perform a quantitative assessment to determine the value of its investment in Lamington. The valuation report showed the fair value of the Company's investment in Lamington to be$128.8 million , which was$150.9 million lower than its pre-petition value. As a result, the Company recognized an impairment on its investment in Lamington atNovember 30, 2018 , the amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The fair value of$128.8 million has inherent estimates including, but not limited to, when the Company will emerge from bankruptcy, the estimated discount rate, the value of the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, as well as other factors inherent in the valuation process. 30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OnSeptember 16, 2019 , theBankruptcy Court entered an order and a final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP case were dismissed onNovember 25, 2019 . However pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP, as well as White Eagle, as ofAugust 17, 2019 was appropriate. The Company further evaluated its investment atAugust 16, 2019 and recognized a gain of approximately$37.9 million , which amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The amount is associated with gains incurred by Lamington for the period up toAugust 16, 2019 in considering the proceeds received through the transactions for the subscription agreement, the actual payoff of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and all other third party claims. Income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , includes approximately$1.7 million which represents distribution for investment in limited partnership. As a result of theWhite Eagle Investment , the Company receives minimum class B interest monthly distribution equal to (i) for each month commencing prior to the third anniversary of the Effective Date, the greater of$667,000 and 1/12th of 1.50% of the Net Asset Value as determined by the most recent valuation report obtained on or prior to such Distribution Date and (ii) for each month commencing on or after the third anniversary of the Effective Date and prior to the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date, the greater of$333,000 and 1/12th of 0.75% of the net asset value as determined by the most recent valuation report obtained on or prior to such Distribution Date. The amount is included in change in fair value of investment in limited partnership, net of distributions on the consolidated statements of operations. Total expenses from continuing operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 were mainly comprised of interest on the 5% Convertible Notes of$5.1 million ,$6.0 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and$93,000 on the 8.5% Convertible Notes. Total expenses from continuing operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was positively impacted by change in fair of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of approximately$70.9 million . The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred pre-petition gain, which was mainly attributable to the lengthening of the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% to determine the value of the life insurance policies pledged as collateral in the facility. This impacted the value of the debt by approximately$66.7 million . This amount is shown as a reduction to expenses on the statement of operations for the period endedNovember 30, 2018 . Expense also included interest expense of approximately$22.8 million on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility;$4.6 million on the 5% Convertible Notes and$3.0 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. Income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was impacted by income tax expense of approximately$3.8 million . See Note 21, "Income Taxes," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of life settlements (in thousands)
Twelve Months Eleven Months Ended November 30, Ended November 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Change in fair value of life settlements $ (38 )$ (46,879 ) $
46,841 (100 )% increase During the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , 20 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling$93.4 million matured. The net gain of these maturities was$53.3 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the consolidated statements of operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . All 20 of the matured polices had served as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Proceeds from maturities totaling$95.8 million were received during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . Of this amount, approximately$76.6 million inclusive of approximately$7.8 million collected during the year endedDecember 31, 2017 were utilized to repay borrowings, interest and credit facility expenses under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. There were no maturities for the consolidated entities for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . 31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- As noted above, the Company decided to lengthen the life expectancies as furnished by 21st Services, by 9% as atNovember 30, 2018 . The resulting impact was approximately$124.0 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Further, the Company decided to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes and the resulting impact was approximately$23.1 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by the Company in respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds' health increased, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
As of
Of these two policies owned as of
See Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Expenses (in thousands) Twelve Months Ended November Eleven Months 30, Ended November 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Interest expense$ 11,220 $ 30,845 $ (19,625 ) (64 )% decrease Change in fair value of Revolving Credit Facility - (70,900 ) 70,900 (100 )% increase SG&A expenses 9,680 13,530 (3,850 ) (28 )% decrease Total Expense$ 20,900 $ (26,525 ) $ 47,425 (179 )% increase
Interest expense (in thousands)
Twelve Months Eleven Months Ended November Ended November 30, 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility $ -$ 22,757 $ (22,757 ) (100 )% decrease 8.5% Convertible Notes 93 169 (76 ) (45 )% decrease 5% Convertible Notes 5,072 4,563 509 11 % increase 8.5% Senior Secured Notes 6,043 3,004 3,039 101 % increase Participation Interest - White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility - 340 (340 ) (100 )% decrease Other 12 12 - - % decrease Total Interest Expense$ 11,220 $ 30,845 $ (19,625 ) (64 )% decrease
Outstanding debt as of
32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility interest expense shows a decrease of approximately$22.8 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 which is attributable to the deconsolidation of subsidiaries. The Company's outstanding debt increased by$11.4 million from$112.0 million at eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 to$123.4 million for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . The increase is a combination of the repayment of the 8.5% Convertible Notes of$1.2 million , offset by the issue of 8.5% Senior Notes of approximately$6.5 million and interest paid in kind of approximately$4.0 million . Of the interest expense of$11.2 million for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , approximately$5.1 million represents interest on the 5% Convertible Notes and$6.0 million represents interest on 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. Interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes totaled approximately$93,000 , including$73,000 ,$18,000 and$3,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively, during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . The note was repaid during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . The Company recorded$5.1 million of interest expense on the 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes, including$3.8 million ,$1.1 million and$165,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . The Company recorded approximately$6.0 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes$4.9 million of interest,$468,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs and$594,000 of amortizing of debt discount respectively, during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . Of the interest expense of$30.8 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , approximately$22.8 million represents interest paid on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in the principal balance of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility atNovember 30, 2018 . Interest expense also includes approximately$340,000 for participation interest on the Facility paid during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 .
Interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes totaled
The Company recorded$4.6 million of interest expense on the New Convertible Notes, including$3.5 million ,$947,000 and$140,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The Company recorded approximately$3.0 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes$2.8 million of interest and$244,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively, during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . See Notes 11, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, ", 12, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes ," 13, "5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes , and 14, "8.5% Senior Secured Notes ," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. Change in fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (in thousands) Twelve Months Eleven Months Ended November Ended November 30, 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility $ -$ (70,900 ) $ 70,900 (100 )% decrease
For the eleven months ended
33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- During the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was impacted by increased borrowings, the lengthening of life expectancies of certain insureds' underlying policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and a slight increase in the discount rate used to value the facility. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred pre-petition gain of approximately$70.9 million , which is mainly attributable to the lengthening the life expectancies as furnished by 21st Services by 9% to determine the value of the life insurance policies pledged as collateral in the facility. This impacted the value of the debt by approximately$66.7 million . This amount is shown as a reduction to expenses on the statement of operations for the period endedNovember 30, 2018 .
See Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements, " to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Selling, general and administrative expenses (in thousands)
Twelve Months Eleven Months Ended November Ended November 30, 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Personnel costs $ 2,678$ 2,707 $ (29 ) (1 )% decrease Legal fees 2,935 3,052 (117 ) (4 )% decrease Professional fees 2,489 5,475 (2,986 ) (55 )% decrease Insurance 929 734 195 27 % increase Other SG&A 649 1,562 (913 ) (58 )% decrease Total SG&A Expense $ 9,680$ 13,530 $
(3,850 ) (28 )% decrease Significant decrease in SG&A expense was primarily a combination of an increase in insurance costs of$195,000 offset by a decrease in professional fees of$3.0 million , a decrease in other SG &A of$913,000 and a decrease in legal expense of$117,000 .
Results of Operations for Deconsolidated Subsidiaries
Net loss from deconsolidated operations was$51.9 million for the periodDecember 1, 2018 toAugust 16, 2019 , compared to$61.1 million post-petition periodNovember 14, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 and comprise the below (in thousands): December 1, 2018 November 14, to to August 16, November 30, 2019 2018 Change Change % Income (loss)$ 20,556 $ (5,999 ) $ 26,555 (443 )% increase Expenses 72,412 55,098 17,314 31 % increase Net income (loss)$ (51,856 ) (61,097 )$ 9,241 (15 )% increase Total income for the deconsolidated subsidiaries was$20.6 million and mainly comprised gain on maturity of$70.3 million which is attributable to the maturity of 18 policies, gain on sale of life settlement of approximately$21.3 million associated with the sale of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, change in fair value gain of investment in limited partnership of approximately$15.4 million which is attributable to the pickup in value for the assets contributed at closing of the Subscription Agreement, offset by change in fair value of life settlements loss of approximately$16.8 million . Expense of approximately$72.4 million was significantly impacted by change in fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of approximately$17.1 million , interest expense of$28.3 million , reorganization cost of$14.0 million , loss on 34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- extinguishment of debt of approximately$7.4 million associated with the early repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, administrative services fees of$2.8 million , professional fees of$1.5 million and legal fees of$890,000 . Total income for the periodNovember 14, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 was a loss of$6.0 million and mainly comprised change in fair value of life settlements loss of approximately$6.0 million .
Expense was significantly impacted by change in fair value of the White Eagle
Revolving Credit Facility of approximately
Change in fair value of life settlements - Deconsolidated Subsidiaries
December 1, 2018 November 14, to to August 16, November 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Change in fair value of life settlements$ (16,841 ) $ (6,034 ) $
(10,807 ) 179 % increase During the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , our deconsolidated subsidiaries had maturities of 18 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling$100.4 million . The net gain of these maturities was$70.3 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the deconsolidated statements of operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . Proceeds from maturities totaling$92.5 million were received during the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . Of the amount collected, approximately$17.8 million was received afterAugust 16, 2019 , the Transaction Date and was distributed to the consolidated entities onAugust 16, 2019 . There were no maturities for the periodNovember 14, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 . OnMay 22, 2019 , a settlement in the amount of$21.3 million was signed amongLincoln Benefit Life Company ("Lincoln Benefit"),White Eagle andEmergent Capital pursuant to which Lincoln Benefit, agreed to not to contest the 55 life insurance policies that are presently owned byWhite Eagle andEmergent Capital agreed to drop its legal action against Allstate Life Insurance Company and settle for$2.0 million . The settlements relates to six separate legal actions pertaining to the validity of certain policies held by White Eagle and receivables for maturities of life settlement totaling$39.1 million . The settlement of the litigation, was approved by theBankruptcy Court inJune 2019 , and, as such the receivable for maturities of life settlement was adjusted to reflect the reduction which resulted in approximately$17.8 million recorded as change in fair value of life settlements for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 . Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by our deconsolidated subsidiaries with respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds' health improved, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
On
InNovember 2018 , White Eagle decided to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes and will procure its life expectancy reports solely from 21st Services on a periodic basis and expects to continue to lengthen life expectancies furnished by 21st Services that have not been re-underwritten using their updated methodology. Up toAugust 16, 2019 , White Eagle received 326 updated life expectancy reports from 21st Services. These life expectancies reported an average lengthening of life expectancies of 23.45% based on this sample, which is significantly higher than the 9% impact first communicated by 21st Services and has significantly impacted the results for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 by approximately$57.6 million . As ofNovember 30, 2018 , White Eagle owned 586 policies with an estimated fair value of$505.2 million with an aggregate death benefit of these life settlements of$2.8 billion . All 586 policies were pledged as collateral for the White Eagle 35 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revolving Credit Facility. The Company also recorded a
Of these 586 policies owned as ofNovember 30, 2018 , 512 were previously premium financed and are valued using discount rates that range from 12.25% - 19.25%. The remaining 74 policies are valued using discount rates that range from 12.25% - 13.75%.
See Note 15 "Fair Value Measurements " to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership
November 14, Period ended to November August 16, 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership$ 15,352 $ - $
15,352 100 % increase OnAugust 16, 2019 , Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle comprised the fair value of the life settlement assets based on the purchaser's valuation. The Company performed a fair value calculation to include various factors impacting the waterfall distribution as dictated by the Subscription Agreement, including but not limited to amounts advanced for the ClassD Shares , the funding of the premium reserves on the Company's behalf and the expected return on the Class A Shares of 11%. The Company determined that the fair value was approximately$138.2 million which resulted in a change in fair value gain of approximately$15.4 million atAugust 16, 2019 .
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
November 14, Period ended to November August 16, 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility$ 17,094 $ 53,613 $ (36,519 ) (68 )% decrease
For the twelve months ended
The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred a loss of approximately$53.6 million , for the periodNovember 14, 2018 toNovember 30, 2018 , which is mainly attributable to assumptions incorporated due to the Chapter 11 filing of the entity. This amount is shown as an increase to White Eagle Credit Facility's expenses on the statement of operations for the period endedNovember 30, 2018 . Outstanding principal under the White Eagle Credit Facility atNovember 30, 2018 was$363.8 million of outstanding principal. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was valued atNovember 30, 2018 using discount rates of 23.27%. Refer to Note 3 "Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries" , Note 4 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements of Entities in Bankruptcy" and Note 5 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" , of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, provided in this report. 36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Results of Continuing Operations Eleven Months EndedNovember 30, 2018 Compared to Twelve Months EndedDecember 31, 2017 Net loss from continuing operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was$169.9 million as compared to a loss of$3.2 million for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . The following is our analysis of net loss for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 compared to twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 (in thousands). Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November 30, Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change Income$ (196,422 ) $ 51,873 $ (248,295 ) (479 )% decrease Expenses (26,525 ) 55,111 (81,636 ) (148 )% decrease Income tax (benefit) provision 45 - 45 100 % increase Net loss$ (169,942 ) $ (3,238 ) $ (166,704 ) 5,148 % increase
Income included net gain on maturity of 20 life settlements of
Income from continuing operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was a loss, which was significantly impacted by a negative change in fair value of life settlements as a result of changes made by the provider of life expectancy reports. This impact is approximately$124.0 million . Historically, the Company has procured the majority of its life expectancy reports from two life expectancy report providers (AVS Underwriting LLC and21st Services, LLC ) for valuation purposes and average or "blending," the results of the two life expectancy reports to establish a composite mortality factor. OnOctober 18, 2018 ,21st Services, LLC ("21st Services") announced revisions to its underwriting methodology, these revisions have generally been understood to lengthen the average reported life expectancy furnished by this life expectancy provider by 9%. OnOctober 29, 2018 ,AVS Underwriting LLC ("AVS"), also announced revisions to its underwriting methodology without an estimated impact, which resulted in an average lengthening of the life expectancies by approximately 13%. To account for the impact of the revisions by 21st Services and based off of market responses to the methodology change, the Company decided to lengthen the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% as atNovember 30, 2018 . The resulting impact is approximately$124.0 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Further, the Company has decide to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes. The Company's decision was based on a series of events leading up to the announcement onOctober 29, 2018 , which includes AVS inability to furnish timely reports to allow the Company to blend the results to facilitate timely quarterly reporting. Market participants have expressed concerns regarding their inability to connect the new AVS model to past model. EffectiveNovember 2018 , the Company discontinued its blending approach. The resulting impact is approximately$23.1 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. 37 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Approximately$150.9 million included in income represents impairment of our investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. AtNovember 13, 2018 , the pre-petition date, the Company valued its investment in Lamington to be$278.4 million, which is equivalent to the Company's book value. This valuation was determined by performing an internal fair value calculation of the assets and liabilities of Lamington under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. As a result of the Chapter 11 Cases, consistent with ASC 321, Investments -Equity Securities , the Company subsequently, measured its investment in Lamington at fair value as ofNovember 30, 2018 . Further, the Company engaged a third party to perform a quantitative assessment to determine the value of its investment in Lamington. The valuation report showed the fair value of the Company's investment in Lamington to be$128.8 million , which is$150.9 million lower than its pre-petition value. As a result, the Company recognized an impairment on its investment in Lamington atNovember 30, 2018 , the amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The fair value of$128.8 million has inherent estimates including, but not limited to, when the Company will emerge from bankruptcy, the estimated discount rate, the value of the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, as well as other factors inherent in the valuation process. Total expenses from continuing operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 were mainly comprised of interest expense on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of$22.8 million ;$4.6 million on the 5% Convertible Notes and$3.0 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. Expense was positively impacted by change in fair of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of approximately$70.9 million . The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred pre-petition gain, which is mainly attributable to lengthen the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% to determine the value of the life insurance policies pledged as collateral in the facility. This impacted the value of the debt by approximately$66.7 million . This amount is shown as a reduction to expenses on the statement of operations for the period endedNovember 30, 2018 . Total expenses from continuing operations for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 were mainly comprised of interest expense of$16.8 million on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility;$9.2 million on the 8.5% Convertible Notes;$2.1 million on the 5% Convertible Notes;$2.8 million on the 15% Senior Secured Notes;$1.4 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes,$2.0 million loss on extinguishment of debt, and a change in the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of$4.5 million .
Change in Fair Value of Life Settlements (in thousands)
Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November 30, Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change Change in fair value of life settlements$ (46,879 ) $ 51,551 $
(98,430 ) (191 )% decrease During the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , 20 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling$93.4 million matured, compared to 13 policies with face amounts of$67.2 million for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . The net gain of these maturities was$53.3 million and$35.9 million for 2018 and 2017, respectively, and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the consolidated statements of operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 and twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . All 20 of the maturities served as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Proceeds from maturities totaling$95.8 million were received during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . Of this amount, approximately$76.6 million inclusive of approximately$7.8 million collected during the year endedDecember 31, 2017 were utilized to repay borrowings, interest and credit facility expenses under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by the Company in respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds' health improved, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies. 38
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Historically, the Company has procured the majority of its life expectancy reports from two life expectancy report providers (AVS Underwriting LLC and21st Services, LLC ) for valuation purposes and average or "blending," the results of the two life expectancy reports to establish a composite mortality factor. OnOctober 18, 2018 ,21st Services, LLC ("21st Services") announced revisions to its underwriting methodology, these revisions have generally been understood to lengthen the average reported life expectancy furnished by this life expectancy provider by 9%. OnOctober 29, 2018 ,AVS Underwriting LLC ("AVS"), also announced revisions to its underwriting methodology without an estimated impact, which resulted in an average lengthening of the life expectancies by approximately 13%. To account for the impact of the revisions by 21st Services and based off of market responses to the methodology change, the Company decided to lengthen the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% as atNovember 30, 2018 . The resulting impact is approximately$124.0 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. Further, the Company decided to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes. The Company's decision was based on a series of events leading up to the announcement onOctober 29, 2018 , which includes AVS inability to furnish timely reports to allow the Company to blend the results to facilitate timely quarterly reporting. Market participants have expressed concerns regarding their inability to connect the new AVS model to past model. EffectiveNovember 30, 2018 , the Company discontinued its blending approach. The resulting impact is approximately$23.1 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements. The Company re-evaluates its discount rates at the end of each reporting period in order to reflect the estimated discount rates that could reasonably be used in a market transaction involving the Company's portfolio of life settlements. In doing so, consideration is given to the various factors influencing the rates, including risk tolerance, market activity, credit exposure of the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy, and the estimated risk premium an investor in the policy would require, among other factors. In considering these factors atNovember 30, 2018 , the Company determined that the weighted average discount rate calculated based on death benefit was 13.43% compared to 15.95% atDecember 31, 2017 for all policies including those of the deconsolidated entities. As ofNovember 30, 2018 , we owned two policies with an estimated fair value of$1.2 million compared to 608 policies with a fair value of$567.5 million atDecember 31, 2017 , a decrease of$566.3 million due to the deconsolidation of White Eagle. As ofNovember 30, 2018 , the aggregate death benefit of these life settlements was$12.0 million .
Of these two policies owned as of
See Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Expenses (in thousands) Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November 30, Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change Interest expense$ 30,845 $ 32,797 $ (1,952 ) (6 )% decrease Extinguishment of Senior Notes - 2,018 (2,018 ) (100 )% decrease Change in fair value of Revolving Credit Facilities (70,900 ) 4,501 (75,401 ) (1,675 )% increase SG&A expenses 13,530 15,795 (2,265 ) (14 )% decrease Total Expense$ (26,525 ) $ 55,111 $ (81,636 ) (148 )% decrease 39
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Interest expense (in thousands)
Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November Ended 30, December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility$ 22,757 $ 16,819 $ 5,938 35 % increase 8.5% Convertible Notes 169 9,206 (9,037 ) (98 )% decrease 15% Senior Secured Notes - 2,784 (2,784 ) (100 )% decrease 5% Convertible Notes 4,563 2,107 2,456 117 % increase 8.5% Senior Secured Notes 3,004 1,370 1,634 119 % increase Participation Interest - White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility 340 467 (127 ) (27 )% decrease Other 12 44
(32 ) (73 )% decrease
Total Interest Expense
Outstanding debt as ofNovember 30, 2018 included$1.2 million of 8.5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes,$75.8 million of 5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes and$35.0 million of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. Of the interest expense of$30.8 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , approximately$22.8 million represents interest paid on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility prior to its deconsolidation. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in the principal balance of the facility. Interest expense also includes approximately$340,000 for participation interest on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility paid during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . Interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes totaled$169,000 , including$93,000 ,$66,000 and$10,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively, during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The Company recorded$4.6 million of interest expense on the 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes, including$3.5 million ,$947,000 and$140,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . The Company recorded approximately$3.0 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes$2.8 million of interest and$244,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs respectively, during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . Of the interest expense of$32.8 million for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 , approximately$16.8 million represents interest paid on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in the principal balance of the facility atDecember 31, 2017 . Interest expense also includes approximately$467,000 for participation interest on the Facility paid during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . Interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes totaled$9.2 million , including$4.2 million ,$2.5 million ,$2.1 million and$314,000 from interest, one time debt modification cost, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively. Interest for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 included approximately$522,000 of additional interest paid in kind to note holders. The Company recorded approximately$2.8 million of interest expense on the 15% Senior Secured Notes, which includes$2.6 million of interest and$184,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively, during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . The 15% Senior Secured Notes were repaid and canceled onJuly 28, 2017 in connection with the 2017 recapitalization. 40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Company recorded$2.1 million of interest expense on the New Convertible Notes, including$1.6 million ,$432,000 and$64,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . The Company recorded approximately$1.4 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes$1.3 million of interest and$98,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively, during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 .
See Notes 11, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility ," ," 12, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible ," 13, "5% Senior Unsecured Convertible ," and
14, "8.5% Senior Secured Notes ," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Extinguishment of debt (in thousands)
Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November Ended 30, December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change Loss on extinguishment of debt $ -$ 2,018 $ (2,018 ) (100 )% decrease During the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 , approximately$2.0 million was recorded in loss on the extinguishment of debt for the 15.0% Senior Secured Notes, including$1.5 million and$518,000 related to prepayment penalty and write off of origination cost, respectively.
Change in fair value of the Revolving Credit Facilities (in thousands)
Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November Ended 30, December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility$ (70,900 ) $ 4,501 $ (75,401 ) (1,675 )% decrease For the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility shows a gain of approximately$70.9 million compared to a loss of$4.5 million for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . This loss is attributable to a combination of offsetting factors as discussed below: During the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was impacted by increased borrowings, the lengthening of life expectancies of certain insureds' underlying policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and a slight increase in the discount rate used to value the facility. The Facility incurred pre-petition gain of approximately$70.9 million , which is mainly attributable to lengthen the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% to determine the value of the life insurance policies pledged as collateral in the facility. This impacted the value of the debt by approximately$66.7 million . This amount is shown as a reduction to expenses on the statement of operations for the period endedNovember 30, 2018 41 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- During the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 , the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was impacted by increased borrowings, the lengthening of life expectancies of certain insureds' underlying policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and a slight increase in the discount rate used to value the facility.
See Note 15, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (in thousands)
Eleven Months Twelve Months Ended November Ended 30, December 31, 2018 2017 Change % Change Personnel costs$ 2,707 $ 5,070 $ (2,363 ) (47 )% decrease Legal fees 3,052 3,721 (669 ) (18 )% decrease Professional fees 5,475 4,445 1,030 23 % increase Insurance 734 783 (49 ) (6 )% decrease Other SG&A 1,562 1,776 (214 ) (12 )% decrease Total SG&A Expense$ 13,530 $ 15,795 $ (2,265 ) (14 )% decrease The decrease in SG&A expense was primarily the result of a decrease in personnel costs of$2.4 million , a decrease in legal expense of$669,000 , a decrease in other SG &A of$214,000 , and a decrease in insurance costs of$49,000 offset by an increase in professional fees$1.0 million . OnAugust 3, 2017 andAugust 11, 2017 , as a reduction in force, the Company reduced its headcount from 20 employees to 12 employees. The Company recognized a onetime severance cost of approximately$1.0 million related to this reduction, the amounts were included in personnel cost and were being paid over a period of twelve months.
Results of Discontinued Operations
2019 Compared to 2018 Twelve Months Ended Eleven Months Ended November 30, November 30, 2019 2018 Change % Change Change in fair value of investment in affiliates$ (2,384 ) $ -$ (2,384 ) 100 % increase Other income - 17 (17 ) (100 )% decrease (2,384 ) 17 (2,401 ) Total expenses (21 ) 46 (67 ) (146 )% decrease Loss before income taxes (2,363 ) (29 ) (2,334 ) 8,048 % increase Income tax benefit - - - - % decrease Net loss, net of income taxes$ (2,363 ) $ (29 )$ (2,334 ) 8,048 % increase 42
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income from our discontinued structured settlement operations for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was a loss of approximately$2.4 million as compared to a net loss of$29,000 for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . Total income from our discontinued structured settlement operations was$2.4 million compared to$17,000 for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 and eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , respectively. Income for fiscal 2019 was negatively impacted by change in fair value of investment in affiliates of approximately$2.4 million . This investment was held by our structured settlement subsidiary whose primary activities were discontinued in 2013 with the sale of the structured settlement assets and this investment in affiliates was the only portion remaining. The remaining$2.4 million was written off as a result of ongoing restructuring plans in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company decided not to continue to pursue this line of investment. Total expenses from our discontinued structured settlement operations were income of$21,000 for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 compared to expense of$46,000 incurred during the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . 2018 Compared to 2017 Twelve Months Ended November Eleven Months Ended 30, November 30, 2018 2017 Change % Change Total income (loss) 17 33$ (16 ) (48 )% decrease Total expenses 46 304 (258 ) (85 )% decrease Net income (loss), net of income taxes $ (29 )$ (271 ) $ 242 (89 )% decrease Net loss from our discontinued structured settlement operations for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was$29,000 as compared to a net loss of$271,000 for the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . Total income from our discontinued structured settlement operations was$17,000 compared to$33,000 for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 and twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 , respectively. Total expenses from our discontinued structured settlement operations were$46,000 for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 compared to$304,000 incurred during the twelve months endedDecember 31, 2017 . This decrease was mainly attributable to an$180,000 decrease in other SG&A and a$78,000 decrease in legal fees.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business, as well as continued compliance with the covenants contained in the indentures governing our 5% Convertible Notes, 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and other financing arrangements. Previously the payment of premiums to maintain the life insurance policies we owned represented our most significant requirement for cash disbursement. On a quarterly basis, we calculated the minimum premium payments required to maintain the policies in-force. Over time, as an insured ages, the relevant premium payments will increase. Nevertheless, the probability we will actually be required to pay the premium decreases as mortality becomes more likely. In addition to premiums, we incurred policy servicing costs, including updated medical records, updated life expectancies and securities intermediaries' fees; in most cases, these amounts were determined by the number of policies we owned. The majority of these costs relates to the policies previously pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility with the termination of such facility and the sale of 72.5% of the ownership interests in the holder of the assets, the Company's exposure to these risks has been significantly reduced.
Additionally, on
43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, 31 life insurance policies with face totaling$163.5 million issued by Sun Life were canceled in exchange for a lump sum payment of$36.1 million . The settlement included two policies held by the Company outside of White Eagle with an aggregate face value of$12.0 million , 28 policies held by White Eagle with an aggregate face value of$141.5 million and one policy with a face value of$10.0 million in receivable for maturity for White Eagle. Of this amount, approximately$12.7 million was received by the Company,$13.4 million was paid to White Eagle and$10.0 million was paid toWilmington Trust for the maturity receivable. With this settlement, the Company no longer owns any life insurance policies and hence no future obligation for premium payments. Historically, the Company has incurred substantial losses, which has resulted in an accumulated deficit of approximately$291.5 million as ofNovember 30, 2019 . This amount include$14.5 million of net income for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 for which$37.9 million relates to gain on change in fair value on the investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries as a result of the resolution of their emergence from bankruptcy. Cash flows used in operating activities were$12.4 million for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 and$41.2 million for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 . As ofNovember 30, 2019 , we had approximately$24.3 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of$511,000 . The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of factors including but not limited to, the receipt of distributions from its investment in its equity investment in White Eagle and cash on hand. As of the filing date of this Form 10-K, we had approximately$22.2 million of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of certificates of deposit of$513,000 . In considering our forecast for the next twelve months with the current cash balance as of the filing of this Form 10-K, the Company has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs for the foreseeable future. For the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , we paid$70.0 million in premiums to maintain our policies in force in our consolidated and deconsolidated subsidiaries. Of this amount,$69.8 million was paid by White Eagle through its pre-petition borrowings and maturity proceeds. In connection with theWE Investment , the A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and ClassB Interest holders receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately$8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and$4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to satisfy the ClassD Return of$8.0 million , which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of$2.0 million or 11% per annum on such$8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such ClassD Return . The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility). Although theWE Investment provides guaranteed payments of$8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and$4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years to the Company, irrespective of maturities, there can be no assurance as to when proceeds from maturities of the policies in theWE Investment will be distributed to the Company. Delays will impact the timing of distribution since the Class A Shares must meet their 11% return as well as repayments for any advance to the premium reserve on the Company's behalf. The following table illustrates the total amount of face value of life insurance policies owned up toAugust 16, 2019 , the date of theWE Investment , the trailing 12- months of life insurance policy maturities realized and premiums paid on our portfolio. The trailing 12-month maturities/premium coverage ratio indicates the ratio of policy maturities realized to premiums paid over the trailing 12-month period from our portfolio of life insurance policies. 44 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12-Month 12-Month Portfolio Trailing Trailing 12-Month Trailing Face Amount Maturities Premiums Paid
Maturities/Premiums Coverage
Quarter End Date ($) Realized ($) ($) Ratio (%) March 31, 2015 3,001,987 27,188 57,723 47 % June 30, 2015 2,982,416 63,768 59,990 106 % September 30, 2015 2,997,903 67,468 63,124 107 % December 31, 2015 2,979,352 67,403 64,923 104 % March 31, 2016 2,969,670 67,195 66,049 102 % June 30, 2016 2,966,388 34,815 67,843 51 % September 30, 2016 2,953,796 43,915 69,430 63 % December 31, 2016 2,946,511 37,460 71,681 52 % March 31, 2017 2,908,876 62,330 75,609 82 % June 30, 2017 2,903,899 63,353 79,378 80 % September 30, 2017 2,887,827 67,053 82,032 82 % December 30, 2017 2,880,487 67,176 84,751 79 % March 31, 2018 2,852,803 57,026 86,561 66 % June 30, 2018 2,826,863 78,039 87,650 89 % September 30, 2018 2,794,652 94,039 89,263 105 % November 30, 2018 2,787,916 93,435 91,601 102 % February 28, 2019 2,765,250 93,735 88,235 106 % May 31, 2019 2,719,976 108,105 97,602 111 % August 31, 2019 2,688,556 125,623 100,697 125 % We believe that the life insurance policy maturities we receive will continue to increase over time in relation to the premiums we are required to pay on the remaining policies in the portfolio but do expect that our portfolio cash flow on a period-to-period basis will remain inconsistent given its dependence on actual maturities.
Financing Arrangements Summary
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
White Eagle is the borrower under a$370.0 million (as amended onDecember 29, 2016 ) revolving credit facility, withImperial Finance and Trading, LLC , as the initial servicer, the initial portfolio manager and guarantor,Lamington Road Bermuda Ltd. , as portfolio manager,LNV Corporation , as initial lender, the other financial institutions party thereto as lenders, andCLMG Corp. , as administrative agent for the lenders. EffectiveAugust 16, 2019 , all outstanding principal and interest under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was repaid.
See Note 11, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility," of the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
At
For a description of the Convertible Notes see Note 12, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes ," of the accompanying consolidated financial statement.
45 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
AtNovember 30, 2019 , there was$75.8 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company's 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2023 (the "New Convertible Notes" or "5% Convertible Notes") outstanding. For a description of the New Convertible Notes see Note 12 , "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. InJuly 2017 , the Company caused to be issued the New Convertible Notes in an aggregate amount of approximately$75.8 million pursuant to the New Convertible Note Indenture. The terms of the New Convertible Notes are governed by the New Convertible Note Indenture, which provides, among other things, that the New Convertible Notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company and will mature onFebruary 15, 2023 . The New Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum from the issue date, payable semi-annually onAugust 15 andFebruary 15 of each year, beginning onAugust 15, 2017 . Holders of New Convertible Notes may convert their New Convertible Notes at their option on any day prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately precedingFebruary 15, 2023 . Upon conversion, the Company will deliver shares of Common Stock, together with any cash payment for any fractional share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in$1,000 increments will be 500 shares of Common Stock per$1,000 principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately$2.00 per share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in$1.00 increments will be 0.5 shares of Common Stock per$1.00 principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately$2.00 per share of Common Stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. The Company may redeem, in whole but not in part, the New Convertible Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, if and only if the last reported sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds 120% of the conversion price for at least 15 trading days in any period of 15 consecutive trading days. The Company may, at its election, pay or deliver as the case may be, to all Holders of the New Convertible Notes, either (a) solely cash, (b) solely shares of Common Stock, or (c) a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock. The New Convertible Note Indenture provides for customary events of default, which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the New Convertible Note Indenture; defaults or failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the New Convertible Note Indenture, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the New Convertible Notes then outstanding may declare all unpaid principal plus accrued interest on the New Convertible Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the New Convertible Note Indenture. In addition, holders of the New Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase the New Convertible Notes upon the occurrence of certain designated events at a repurchase price of 100% of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. OnDecember 11, 2019 the Company redeemed$8.0 million principal amount of the 5.0% Convertible Notes in exchange for cash consideration of$4.8 million inclusive of unpaid interest. Upon such redemption, the Convertible Notes were surrendered and canceled. 8.5% Senior Secured Notes AtNovember 30, 2019 , there was$47.6 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 outstanding (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes"). For a description of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes see Note 14, "8.5% Senior Secured Notes," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. InJuly 2017 , theNote Purchase Investors and the Senior Secured Note Holders representing 100% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Company's 15.0% Senior Secured Notes entered into the Note Purchase Agreement. Pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, theNote Purchase Investors purchased 100% of the 15% Senior Secured Notes held by each Senior Secured Note Holder for an aggregate purchase price equal to the face amount of such purchased 15.0% Senior Secured Notes. The Note Purchase Agreement contained customary representations, warranties, and covenants. In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company paid each Senior Secured Note Holder 5% of the face amount of the 15% Senior Secured Notes held by such Senior Secured Note Holder as of immediately prior to the Transaction Closing, plus all accrued but unpaid interest of such 15% Senior Secured Notes through the date of the Transaction Closing, pursuant to 46 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
that certain Exchange Participation Agreement dated
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company and the Senior Secured Note Trustee entered into the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture to amend and restate the Senior Secured Indenture between the Company and the Senior Secured Note Trustee following the Company's receipt of requisite consents of the holders of the 15% Senior Secured Notes. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the Company caused the cancellation of all outstanding 15% Senior Secured Notes and the issuance of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes in an aggregate amount of$30.0 million . The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides, among other things, that the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes will be secured senior obligations of the Company and will mature onJuly 15, 2021 . The 8.5% Senior Secured Notes will bear interest at a rate of 8.5% per annum, payable quarterly onMarch 15 ,June 15 ,September 15 andDecember 15 of each year, beginning onSeptember 15, 2017 . The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides that the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes may be optionally redeemed in full by the Company at any time and must be redeemed in full upon additional issuances of debt by the Company in each case, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed plus (i) accrued and unpaid interest on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes redeemed up to the date of redemption, and (ii) the Applicable Premium, if any, as defined in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. Upon a change of control, the Company will be required to make an offer to holders of the 8.5%Senior Secured Notes to repurchase the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 107.5% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to the date of redemption. The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture contains negative covenants restricting additional debt incurred by the Company, creation of liens on the collateral securing the 8.5%Senior Secured Notes, and restrictions on dividends and stock repurchases, among other things. The 8.5% Senior Secured Notes are secured by settlement proceeds, if any, received from certain litigation involving the Company, certain notes issued to the Company, and pledges of 65% of the equity interests inBlue Heron Designated Activity Company ,OLIPP IV, LLC andRed Reef Alternative Investments, LLC . The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides for customary events of default which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture; defaults in failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes then outstanding may declare the principal of and accrued but unpaid interest, plus a premium, if any, on all the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. OnAugust 11, 2017 , the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement withBrennan Opportunities Fund I LP ("Brennan") pursuant to which Brennan purchased from the Company (i) 12,500,000 shares (the "Brennan Shares") of Common Stock at a price of$0.40 per share for an aggregate purchase price of$5.0 million and (ii)$5.0 million principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the "Brennan Notes," and together with the Brennan Shares, the "Brennan Securities "). The Securities Purchase Agreement contained customary representations, warranties, and covenants. The sale of theBrennan Securities was consummated onAugust 11, 2017 , as to 8,750,000 shares of Common Stock and$3.5 million principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, and onAugust 14, 2017 , as to 3,750,000 shares of Common Stock and$1.5 million principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes.
On
The completion of liquidation formalities of Blue Heron under Irish law is took several months. Both Red Falcon and Blue Heron were inactive subsidiaries of the Company. The Company had pledged 65% of the equity and certain other assets of Blue Heron in favor of the secured parties under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. In connection with liquidation of Blue Heron, the Company andWilmington Trust, National Association , as trustee under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture (the "Trustee"), entered into (i) the First Supplemental Indenture (the "First Supplemental Indenture"), dated as ofJanuary 10, 2018 , to implement certain amendments to the Indenture and (ii) the Amendment to Pledge and Security Agreement ("Pledge and Security Amendment"), dated as ofJanuary 10, 2018 , to implement certain amendments to the Pledge and Security Agreement ("Pledge and Security Agreement"), dated as ofMarch 11, 2016 , between the Company and Trustee. The First Supplemental Indenture and the Pledge and Security Amendment amend the Indenture and Pledge and Security Agreement, respectively, to: 47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) remove from the assets pledged to the secured parties under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, 65% of the equity and certain other assets of Blue Heron; and (ii) reflect the pledge by the Company, in favor of the secured parties under the Indenture, of the promissory note dated as ofDecember 29, 2016 in the principal sum of$69.6 million issued byOLIPP IV, LLC to Blue Heron and subsequently assigned to the Company.
8.5% Senior Secured Notes Amendment
OnDecember 28, 2018 , the Company entered into subscription agreements (the "Subscription Agreements") with several investors (the "Investors"), Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, the Investors purchased from the Company an aggregate of$5.7 million principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of$4.3 million . The transactions were consummated onDecember 28, 2018 . OnDecember 28, 2018 , the Company received a commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") fromIronsides Partners LLC , an entity affiliated withRobert Knapp , a member of the Board, for an aggregate investment, at the Company's election, of up to$2.0 million principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of up to$1.5 million no later thanJanuary 31, 2019 . The Commitment Letter contains certain conditions precedent to Ironsides' obligations to purchase such Senior Notes. OnJanuary 30, 2019 , the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the "Note Purchase Agreement")withIronsides Partners Special Situations Master Fund III L.P. (the "Investor"), which is affiliated withRobert Knapp , a member of the Company's Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company$2.0 million principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for a purchase price of$1.5 million . OnFebruary 11, 2019 , the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") withBrennan Opportunities Fund I LP (the "Investor"), which is affiliated withPatrick T. Brennan , a member of the Company's Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company$967,000 principal amount of the Company's 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the "Senior Notes") for a purchase price of$725,000 . The transaction was consummated onFebruary 14, 2019 . AtNovember 30, 2019 , the outstanding principal of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes was$47.6 million with a carrying value of$45.7 million , net of unamortized debt issuance cost of$362,000 . Cash Flows The following table summarizes our cash flows, which includes both continuing and discontinued operations, from operating, investing and financing activities for the year endedNovember 30, 2019 , the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 and the year endedDecember 31, 2017 (in thousands): Eleven Months Twelve Months Twelve Months Ended November Ended December Ended November 30, 30, 31, 2019 2018 2017 Statement of Cash Flows Data: Total cash (used in) provided by: Operating activities$ (12,380 ) $ (41,225 ) $ (34,847 ) Investing activities 30,172 (17,425 ) (37,566 ) Financing activities 5,282 28,592 92,362
(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
(30,058 )$ 19,949 Operating Activities During the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 , operating activities used cash of$12.4 million . Our net income of$14.5 million was adjusted for the following: change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries of approximately$37.9 million , attributable to the reconsolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries gain due to the resolutions Chapter 11 Cases up toAugust 16, 2019 , change in fair value of investment in affiliates of approximately$2.4 million , change in fair value of investment in limited partnership gain of approximately$1.4 million , interest paid in kind on 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of approximately$4.0 million , amortization of discount and deferred cost for the 5% Convertible Notes of$1.3 48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- million, amortization of discount and deferred cost for the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of$1.1 million , amortization of discount and deferred cost for the 8.5% Convertible Notes of$21,000 , stock based compensation of$375,000 , and a net positive change in the components of operating assets and liabilities of$2.9 million . This$2.9 million change in operating assets and liabilities is partially attributable to a$168,000 decrease in other liabilities, a$835,000 decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses, offset by a$3.2 million increase in current tax liabilities, a$226,000 increase in interest payable on the 8.5% Senior Secured Noted and a$516,000 increase in prepaid and other assets. During the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 , operating activities used cash of$41.2 million . Our net loss of$170.0 million was adjusted for the following: change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries of approximately$150.9 million , attributable to the deconsolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries due to the Chapter 11 cases, White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility financing costs and fees of$927,000 , which represent fees associated with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility withheld by the lender and added to the outstanding loan balance, amortization of discount and deferred cost for the 5% Convertible Notes of$1.1 million , amortization of discount of deferred cost for the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of$244,000 , amortization of discount and deferred cost for the 8.5% Convertible Notes of$76,000 , stock based compensation of$562,000 , change in fair value of life settlement gains of$46.9 million that is mainly attributable to maturities of 20 policies, change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility gain of$70.9 million that is mainly attributable to increased borrowings, the lengthening of life expectancies of certain insureds underlying policies pledged as collateral in the facility and an increase in the discount rates, and a net negative change in the components of operating assets and liabilities of$10,000 . This$10,000 change in operating assets and liabilities is partially attributable to a$316,000 decrease in interest payable on the 5.0% Convertible Notes, a$1.0 million decrease in other liabilities, offset by a$877,000 increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses, and a$496,000 increase in interest payable on the 8.5% Senior Secured Noted. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was$30.2 million . This includes$17.8 million in proceeds from maturity of life settlement,$10.9 million in cash from consolidated of subsidiaries that were previously deconsolidated due to the Chapter 11 Cases and$1.7 million in distribution from investment in limited partnership, offset by$163,000 for premiums paid on life settlements. Net cash used in investing activities for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was$17.4 million and included proceeds of$90.8 million from maturity of 20 life settlements and$516,000 for certificates of deposit. This was offset by$78.7 million for premiums paid on life settlements and$30.0 million in deconsolidation of subsidiaries cash.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the twelve months endedNovember 30, 2019 was$5.3 million resulted from proceeds from the issue of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of approximately$6.5 million offset by repayment of outstanding principal under the 8.5% Convertible Notes of approximately$1.2 million . Net cash provided by financing activities for the eleven months endedNovember 30, 2018 was$28.6 million and included$81.3 million of borrowings from the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility offset by$52.7 million in repayment of borrowings under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as ofNovember 30, 2019 (in thousands): Due in Less More than 5 Total than 1 Year Due 1-3 Years Due 3-5 Years Years Operating leases$ 217 $ 217 $ - $ - $ - Interest payable 1,971 1,971 - - - 8.5% Senior Secured Notes 47,600 - 47,600 - - 5% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes 75,837 - - 75,837 -$ 125,625 $ 2,188 $ 47,600 $ 75,837 $ - 49
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Inflation
Our assets and liabilities are, and will be in the future, interest-rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates may influence our performance far more than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation or changes in inflation rates. We do not believe that inflation had any material impact on our results of operations in the periods presented in our financial statements presented in this report. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements AtNovember 30, 2019 , there were no off-balance sheet arrangements between us and any other entity that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to shareholders. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Market risk is the risk of potential economic loss principally arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments. The major components of market risk are credit risk, interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. As ofNovember 30, 2019 , we did not hold a material amount of financial instruments for trading purposes. Credit Risk Credit risk consists primarily of the potential loss arising from adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the life insurance policies that we own. Although we may purchase life settlements from carriers rated below investment grade, to limit our credit risk, we generally only purchase life settlements from companies that are investment grade. The following table provides information about the life insurance issuer concentrations that exceed 10% of total death benefit and 10% of total fair value of our life settlements as ofNovember 30, 2019 : Percentage of Percentage of Total Fair Total Death Carrier - Consolidated Value Benefit Moody's Rating S&P Rating Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada 100.0 % 100.0 % Aa3 AA Interest Rate Risk AtNovember 30, 2019 , fluctuations in interest rates did not impact interest expense in the life finance business. We earn income on the changes in fair value of the life insurance policies we own. However, if the fair value of the life insurance policies we own decreases, we record this reduction as a loss. As ofNovember 30, 2019 , we owned two life settlements with a fair value of$1.3 million . However, these policies were disposed of subsequent to the year end. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Changes in the exchange rate between transactions denominated in a currency other than our foreign subsidiaries' functional currency are immaterial to our operating results. Exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk may increase over time as our business evolves. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The financial statements required by this Item are included in Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are presented beginning on page F-1. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Not Applicable. 50
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